tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-35655903293528525162024-03-14T16:13:22.566+05:30The Art and Business of ScreenwritingThoughts, tips and answers from an avid screenwriter's journeyJohn Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.comBlogger31125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-3916091841241730122011-02-05T15:32:00.000+05:302011-02-05T15:32:47.336+05:30Screenwriting: Some Practical Issues<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I watched a movie (a short feature) yesterday, made by one of my students, now an enterprising young filmmaker. His attempt is genuinely commendable, his idea and making style, and the pictures that he etched to tell the story demand spontaneous praise and critical accolade. I’m sure he wrote the screenplay himself before he made it into a movie. And he can compare now, what he thought he’d make while he was writing the screenplay, and what he has made out of the screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I took this sample to discuss the practicality in effectuating a screenplay to its optimal structural efficiency with my students at my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Screenwriting Academy Studio ScreenWrite.In</a>; and would like to share with you what came out of the discussion.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Screenwriter writes a screenplay with an objective to structuralize emotional content of the story he works on; and makes dramatic actions and dialogues to bring out those emotions. While the screenwriter writes, his entire concentration and story-telling instincts work toward optimizing the emotional value of the story. He writes with a purpose to convince the director to effectuate those ‘emotions’ audio-visually. What I mean to say here is, the screenwriter doesn’t write exactly for an audience of the film to be made, but for the immediate reader, so to say the director, who makes the film for an audience.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">For the same reason, though the screenwriter writes the screenplay with an audience in mind, the audience becomes not directly connected with his writing, unlike a novelist or a poet. The screenwriter would inevitably need a medium called director to connect with the audience or viewer. I’m very definite about this statement even when the writer himself directs the movie, may be, eventually. That’s why it’s all the more important to differentiate, and define the role of screenwriter and director in the process of film making.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">So, when the screenwriter gives the screenplay to the director to make it an audio-visual outcome, emotionally viable, and structuralized, the director may not have the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mind</i> to exclude or deviate certain crucial elements in the screenplay for the sake of logistic contingencies at the production level or histrionic limitations of actors. But he may be constrained to those conditions as unprecedented and/or unavoidable at the practical exercise of filmmaking. At the same time, he may not have the option to explain to the audience that this happened because of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">this</i> and it could’ve been done <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">that</i> way had <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">that</i> problem not cropped up at <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">that</i> point of time during production.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">And the plight for the screenwriter is that everyone would point a finger at him, because it becomes apparent to the audience as a problem with the screenplay than with any directorial or production glitch. What option can the screenwriter resort to communicate to the audience that it was not <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">his</i> mistake? Nothing. Not possible at all.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Another thing I generally notice among the young, upcoming screenwriters is the ambiguity of theme and character development. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Though the screenwriter is not supposed to indoctrinate at any point of time inside the screen time, s/he should persuade the viewer to instinctively identify a message, a quintessence of the entire plot. Somewhere down the line, the screenwriter has to relate passionately to a ‘core motif’ in the work of structuralizing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emotions">emotions</a> of the story. S/He cannot leave that as random exercise to the viewer to figure out for themselves. If that’s case, I’d say the screenwriter has failed to create the structure it should have been. I’m afraid many young writers confuse theme with genre.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">And, many (novice screenwriters) think they need to work in detail just the protagonist. They either forget or consciously disapprove to make the antagonist as an inevitable necessity <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">of</i> the story. For that, what they need is not just schemed <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">characteristics</i> but a strong, seemingly invincible <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">motivation</i> factor. The motive of every character relevant to the story should have the same detail and character study as the protagonist.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Before I conclude, let me also remind the writer/directors about the importance of cast and rehearsals in voice acting before they roll their cameras for the principal shoot. Whatever is conceived as character and the kind of emotion you’ve been dreaming about through the excruciating labor of screenwriting will just vanish like vapor, if the actors don’t perform; and you won’t have the time either to correct them while they still err during the shoot.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The more of these I’ve just written can only distance the screenwriter from the ultimate viewer farther and farther.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
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</div></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-16422176715497630932011-01-31T18:25:00.001+05:302011-02-01T07:49:36.006+05:30MENTOR<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Most of us in our lives want to be flamboyant about our writing talents, especially screenwriting talents. This’s something I’ve seen through my life, as screenwriter, also as a social human being. We really want to think, (at least to please ourselves) we are creators and self-born writers. Sometimes I find a few of those who come to my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Screenwriting Academy Studio - ScreenWrite.In</a> seem to carry a style of confidence in them as screenwriters ( not that I hate them or am sarcastic about their demeanor).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">But within the inmost cubicles of our conscience, we know for sure, there’s some one who helps us begin to write, or write better, gave us the impetus to take writing as a career, giving innumerable tips to get us to where we are now. I don’t want to discuss about the logic or justice as to why we forgot them or still respect them; but I want just to establish there are such generous minds who had supported us intellectually and professionally as guides to mark a vocation in screenwriting for us.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In every successful writer’s life there will be someone called ‘<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mentor">mentor</a>’, whether you like to call him a mentor or not. In my life it was my own colleague, a child-hood friend; we were together right from primary school; without his encouragement and help I’d never have been a screenwriter. I still call him by name, not my mentor. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Lots of people will help you on your path to become a professional writer, whether it's forwarding your resume on for a job or giving you notes on your script. But the thing is, not everyone wants to be a mentor. Some people really enjoy helping young writers develop their talent - and some don't. You can't force it to happen. Also, professional writers can be really busy. Please don't take it as a presumed negligence if someone isn't able to help you.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Mentors are someone you find almost similar in <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/27316572/Gurukul-System-of-Learning-Change">gurukula</a> system of teaching; the mentor takes you through a journey of life, where you start experiencing your career. S/He’s your friend, supporter, and leader who shares mostly his own experiences and finds a unique placement for <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">your</i> talents.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In my experience, a mentor/mentee relationship is most likely develop if the A) the person really does want to be a mentor, B) s/he thinks you are a talented writer with a lot of potential, C) you both share the same taste, and D) you've bonded on a personal level. You might meet the friendliest writer in the world, but if he writes romantic comedies, she's probably not the right person to guide you through four drafts of a horror movie. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I'm not sure it's really possible to actively seek out a mentor - and I think it would be awkward to ask a writer to be one. You just have to keep meeting people and see if anything clicks (in my case, it happened organically). <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">May be, to put it jocularly, you better start looking for a mentor for screenwriting if you had done the following:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">a. Duplicate the accomplished. Take <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000338/">Francis Ford Coppola</a>’s ‘<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0068646/">Godfather</a>’. Change the names to Vikas and Swaroop and Madhuri. Change the city to Mumbai, India. There you are! <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">b. Include notes in the margin space: “Dear Reader, please pay attention to the plot point in this scene!”<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">c. Create a Protagonist who is not proactive, with no desire and motive (think structuring is foolish.)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">d. Write detailed cinematographic and directorial instruction like “WIDE-ANGLE SHOT, the actors should imagine they method act,” etcetera.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">e. Write a “feature-length” screenplay that is 300 pages long.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">f. Make sure nothing happens in the screenplay within the first 10 pages. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">g. Paste photos and pictures generously to illustrate your scenes. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">h. Use character names that all start with the same letter and are very similar to one another like Vaani, Varadhan, Vally, Vasu, Vasundhara.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">i. Write a “feature-length” screenplay that is 30 pages long.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">j. Use a crazy font on the cover as big as a newspaper heading and also inside the script to capture the attention of the Reader (never use Courier).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">k. Make all text RIGHT adjusted.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
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</div></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-64568276597026569102011-01-27T16:29:00.006+05:302011-01-28T10:24:19.219+05:30PLOT<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I really wanted to write something else for this edition. But something caught on during my conversation with a few old students of my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Screenwriting Academy Studio – ScreenWrite.In</a> about ‘plot’ and ‘story’, that I think now, should share with you what transpired from our discussion, yesterday.</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The sort and type of queries I tried to give light to from my experience and readings indicate that there definitely exists some kind of ambiguities in the minds of some students and aspiring writers (at the least) about ‘plot’ and ‘story’.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Let’s start from a beginning. What’s the definition of plot? This’s what I found from a dictionary relevant to what we need to know:</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">plot </span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">noun, verb, plot·ted, plot·ting.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">–noun<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">2. Also called storyline. the plan, scheme, or main story of a literary or dramatic work, as a play, novel, or short story.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">6. a list, timetable, or scheme dealing with any of the various arrangements for the production of a play, motion picture, etc.: </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black;"><a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/plot">http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/plot</a></span></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Plot is a literary term for the events a story comprises, particularly as they relate to one another in a pattern, a sequence, through cause and effect, or by coincidence. One is generally interested in how well this pattern of events accomplishes some artistic or emotional effect. . . . <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plot_(narrative)">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plot_(narrative)</a></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Here, we find words related to planning and scheming ‘events’ a story is comprised of, which in turn suggests ‘plot’ and ‘story’ are deferent. Plot relates to an exercise of making an order of the main events of a work of fiction (or fact). So, Plot differs from story to clearly define how events are related, how they are structured, and how they enact change in the major characters. Example: In a movie such as "<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0314331/">Love Actually</a>," the plot and the story are two very different things.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Now, how do you define a ‘story’? <o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Story is the chain or succession of events in a work of fiction (or fact) as we imagine them to have taken place, in the <i>chronological order</i> in which they would have occurred in life (as opposed to plot). Story can only have chronological order, but plot needn’t. When the plot has a linear order, it can adapt to a structural paradigm like <a href="http://www.cod.edu/people/faculty/pruter/film/threeact.htm">Three Act Structure</a> as <a href="http://www.sydfield.com/about.htm">Syd Field</a> advocates or when the plot is non-linear or doesn’t resort to any structure at all, it’s called plot variation as in the movie ‘<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114814/">Usual Suspects</a>.’<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Whichever be the definitions, ‘plot’ is distinct from ‘story’ and I’d like you to understand one thing. As far as I know, plot and story definitions come one single source, <a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_1034487527">Aristotle’s </a><i><a href="http://www.stenudd.com/myth/greek/aristotle/aristotle-poetics.htm">Poetics</a>.</i> Aristotle clearly marks ‘plot’ as an arrangement of incidents, and ‘thought’ as the story (the ‘theme’ or the ‘narrative’). Every other definition is derived from these two basic elements.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">From my readings, I find story more connected with emotion, and plot more of a structure of <i>story telling</i>. <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001279/">William Goldman</a>: “Stories are emotions and screenplays are structures”. It’s a 'Holistic Force' that can permeate a part of a story or the entire story as a whole. It is a plan. A plot is a storyline and develops like this: what happens first, what happens next, what happens after that, what are the conflicts, what are the resolutions, what is the rising action, the climax of the story, the falling action, what happens at the end.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">In most cases it’s the plot that keeps us interested in the story. And good stories always have all the plot elements in them. Ask yourself the following questions regarding "<a href="http://www.learner.org/interactives/literature/story/fulltext.html">A Jury of Her Peers</a>,( <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Glaspell">Susan Glaspell</a> )" -- "Why did the author arrange the story elements the way she did? How does she control our emotional response and prepare us for reversals or surprises?"<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">End Cap: <o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Plot is also known as: scheme, framework, scenario, progress, artifice, setup, design.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Common Misspellings: <o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">plote, plott.<o:p></o:p></span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
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</span></div></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><div style="text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
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</div></div></div></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-20710239794172321622011-01-25T13:27:00.001+05:302011-01-26T07:43:59.838+05:30SCREENPLAYS AND KINDS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I’m strictly into a doctoring works these days, now that about seven screenplays are in the process of writing and development. The ‘process of writing’ – a phrase that comes to me right now as I write this blog, is what I really like to explain and share with you some other time. You know why? I almost get about ten queries a day about this ‘process of writing’ from many a student, at my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Screenwriting Academy Studio – ScreenWrite.In</a>, as they plunge into the meticulous exercise of writing.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This blog is about the kinds of screenplays. When aspirants come to me, they’re confused about the format and styles and kinds; and wants to differentiate between what I mean by a speculative screenplay, commissioned screenplay and Shoot Script; a Step Outline and Treatment. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">SPECULATIVE SCREENPLAY is that one writes on one’s own, without any contract from any producer, but of course, intended to impress one to get it produced. For the same reason there’s no payment involved in the spec screenwriting or any promise for payment foreseen. ‘Specs’ are generally written by aspiring screenwriters to establish their talent as a writer; or to direct the movie themselves. So the intention is to impress the reader – a producer or a representative. And the intention is also for easy reading of the structure and content they have written, not giving too much possible distractions to the reader as to the technical aspects of the picture making process viz. camera angles, edit suggestions or any other technical advices. The spec screenplays don’t carry scene numbers. Specs usually tend to be accepted as originals, but can also be based on written works, real events, or on people living or dead.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here’s a film that shows how screenwriters move around with their ‘specs’ to get identified in the industry: <i><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0490117/">Dreams on Spec (2007)</a></i>. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">COMMISSIONED SCREENPLAY is usually written under a contract. As I have found through my experience, a professional writer is called to work on a topic of interest of the Producer or Studio, for a screenplay already made, or a story already written and/or the rights of the story bought out, or to remake a movie etcetera. As the writer is under a contractual commitment, a mutually agreed remuneration is absolutely present at the very outset. The writer sometimes may even have to work in collaboration with other writers. The format is almost the same as Speculative Screenplays, but most of times may be written as a shoot script with technical details and scene numbers (for the simple reason the project is already on). <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.museumstuff.com/learn/topics/Closet_screenplay">CLOSET SCREENPLAYS</a>, strange enough to be curious about, are screenplays written purposely not to be produced. The intention of the screenwriter here is to write a screenplay to be read by a lone reader or a group (or for just publishing). <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The first thing to understand here is that the SHOOT SCRIPT is not another edition of the screenplay. A shoot script is written to help the production of the film go efficiently well. The most important component that makes shoot script any different from a spec is the scene numbers, and some definite formatting rules to help revisions and rewrites work easier and effective. To look at Shoot Script in another perspective, is to make the script pages and content convenient for direction and planning to the various departments of production.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">A STEP OUTLINE (SOL) is an immediate prelude to any kind of screenplay. A Step Outline is a detailed outline of the proposed action sequences for the screenplay. The purpose of the SOL is to work out story problems at the initial stages of the story development and get feedback from the close friends of the screenwriter, to strengthen plot and character development. It has to have a beginning, middle, and end, character conflicts, act builds if any, story twists, high points of crisis and the story’s resolution. Step Outlines are usually written in small paragraphs and numbered. Each paragraph may represent a collection of scenes or episodes or clearly marked scenes for reversals or plot points. Personally, I’d consider this a vital tool for any screenwriter in the ‘writing process’.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">TREATMENT - A detailed, third person, present tense, narrative summary of a script. Treatments are more of prose-writing and help the screenwriter to get a grip on the story at the initial stages of development.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-24047585319933153702011-01-17T14:32:00.001+05:302011-01-19T15:54:29.105+05:30WRITER’S BLOCK II<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thanks for all your comments and criticisms about the initial part of this blog – Writer’s Block I. It seemed to me many are either suffering from Block or have experienced it through their many writing attempts.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Of the many comments I received from my students at my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Academy Studio – ScreenWrite.In</a>, also from some ingenuous readers, I guess the most prominent was the statement: ‘When one is hungry and crave to fill in, I don’t think anyone will come up with a hunger-block.’ Some liked the idea, and some vehemently said, ‘you can’t compare the psychological necessities to a physical one. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I still believe without any doubt in ‘persistence’ and the ‘priority’ to write. When you have a deadline to meet and you want the money to survive an emotionally-strenuous-and-huge financial imperative without any other alternative within your immediate control, well, you’ll write. You have to. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Or to look at it another way, though I really well know such a thing called ‘Block’ exists and it <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">IS</i> recognized by psychologists or many an intellectual, I don’t want to believe I know it personally, because that’s going to give me another reason for my Block. And I don’t want my students to know about it either, lest they’d reason out for their not-writing.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0571210/">Robert Mackee</a>, the author of <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Story-Substance-Structure-Principles-Screenwriting/dp/0060391685">Story</a>, and a much-sought-after screenwriting guru, at one of his lectures chose a parable to recount Writer’s Block. A little child who bruises his knee won’t, at any time sit on the floor where he has fallen down, and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">think</i> of the best of ways and words to describe his pain and anxiety to someone in the vicinity. On the other hand, he’ll yell out impulsively and run to his mom or dad and say: “Look at me, I’ve hurt my knee”. The right words will come just spontaneously when it’s required. The child has had something to say and he has got the message across quite well; he never put himself to any thinking process to say that. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">What Mackee hints at is that Writer’s Block means, ‘the writer has nothing to say’, so the writer has to be <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">persisting</i> and see that he/she says, at the least, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">something</i>. Once said that <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">something</i>, the writer will carry on with it. What’s said is how well said is a case the writer can take care of later.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">From my readings and research here are a few points which may be of help, when grope in the dark:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">1. Imagine Writing as Day-to-Day Work, NOT a mammoth Intellectual or Artistic Effort: In ‘<a href="http://biblioteka.teatr-obraz.ru/files/file/English_cinema/Stephen_King_On_Writing.pdf">On Writing</a>’, <a href="http://www.stephenking.com/index.html">Stephen King</a> the famous author says it’s better we link writing to a physical work instead of a grave psychological endeavor. If we think ourselves as laborers, as craftsmen, it’s easier to sit down and write. At the end of the day, we’re just creating things – stories, poems, or screenplays – only we use vocabulary instead of bricks and mortar. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">2. Isolate Core Causes: Evaluate and analyze for yourself the cause of this Block. Is it a fear of failure, a trait of procrastination, not having a computer to write? You can even seek the help of true friends to isolate the root cause – whether it is internal or external; then, you can make a plan of action to surmount them.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">3. Allow Optimal Time for your Project: May be your ideas for a specific Project need their own time to conceptualize. May be you need time to look around you, and find new experiences from life, or reading or watching or hearing from others the many <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">inputs</i> you need for your writing.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">4. Don’t Criticize Yourself While You Write: This seems to be a vital reason for many aspiring writers not to write. They look for perfection in the first draft. We all have this over-emphatic desire to impress ourselves too fast. I always tell my students <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">completion</i> is the first perfection when it comes to writing screenplays. There’s a time you can make your writing revised and polished to make it <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">impeccably</i> shining. <a href="http://www.annaquindlen.com/">Anna Quindlin</a> had said, "People have Writer’s Block not because they can’t write, but because they despair of writing eloquently."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">5. Habituate to Writing: This again, I believe is a very plausible thing to do, if we aspire to be professional writers. May be, this’s almost another perspective to the point 1 we have discussed above. Like we brush your teeth, have our breakfast or watch the evening news on television, habituate to writing everyday. When that becomes part of our routine, we find ourselves at loss when we don’t do it physically. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Well, I don’t want to say things like the gurus out there, but these that I have found, seems to </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 14px;">help us around in times of need ‘when we have nothing to say.’ And I found this wonderful website to help any writer come out of Writer’s Block. The intention of this website looked truly generous and fantastic to me:</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.webook.com/911writersblock">http://www.webook.com/911writersblock</a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">And before I conclude, I’ll post some quotes which may be of use to many who look for a beacon in the maze of their Writers' Block:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"Writing is 90 percent procrastination: reading magazines, eating cereal out of the box, watching infomercials. It's a matter of doing everything you can to avoid writing, until it is about four in the morning and you reach the point where you have to write."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0748870/">Paul Rudnick</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"One of the most difficult things is the first paragraph. I have spent many months on a first paragraph, and once I get it, the rest just comes out very easily."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.themodernword.com/gabo/">Gabriel Garcia Marquez</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"The secret of getting ahead is getting started. The secret of getting started is breaking your complex overwhelming tasks into small manageable tasks, and then starting on the first one."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Twain">Mark Twain</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"I've often said that there's no such thing as writer's block; the problem is idea block. When I find myself frozen--whether I'm working on a brief passage in a novel or brainstorming about an entire book--it's usually because I'm trying to shoehorn an idea into the passage or story where it has no place."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.jefferydeaver.com/index.html">Jeffery Deaver</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> "I carry a notebook with me everywhere. But that's only the first step. Ideas are easy. It's the execution of ideas that really separates the sheep from the goats."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.suegrafton.com/">Sue Grafton</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">3. Cope with the Badness<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"Don't get it right, just get it written."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Thurber">James Thurber</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"If I waited for perfection, I would never write a word."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.contemporarywriters.com/authors/?p=auth03C18N390512635243">Margaret Atwood</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"I think writer's block is simply the dread that you are going to write something horrible. But as a writer, I believe that if you sit down at the keys long enough, sooner or later something will come out."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0089397/">Roy Blount, Jr.</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"I only write when I am inspired. Fortunately I am inspired at 9 o'clock every morning."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Faulkner">William Faulkner</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"I set myself 600 words a day as a minimum output, regardless of the weather, my state of mind or if I'm sick or well."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0354150/">Arthur Hailey</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"Close the door. Write with no one looking over your shoulder. Don't try to figure out what other people want to hear from you; figure out what you have to say. It's the one and only thing you have to offer."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.kingsolver.com/">Barbara Kingsolver</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"If you want to write, write it. That's the first rule."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_B._Parker">Robert Parker</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"My block was due to two overlapping factors: laziness and lack of discipline."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Garden">Mary Garden</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Planning to write is not writing. Outlining--researching--talking to people about what you’re doing, none of that is writing. Writing is writing."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.eldoctorow.com/">E. L. Doctorow</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"To write is to write is to write is to write is to write is to write is to write is to write."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.ellensplace.net/gstein1.html">Gertrude Stein</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"The writer's duty is to keep on writing."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0836612/">William Styron</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Happy writing folks!!!!!<o:p></o:p></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-41321636632491366642011-01-11T12:01:00.003+05:302011-01-11T12:55:51.156+05:30WRITER'S BLOCK I<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">These days I find many of my students at the <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Academy Studio – ScreenWrite.In</a> come up with the answer very often: “I was not in a mood to write” or “I don’t think I’m getting the right thing to write”, some even say straight, “I have a Writer’s Block.” <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Is there a Writer's Block at all? Or is it one’s reason just to avoid what one should be doing – write? I’m of the opinion Writer's’ Block is another name for your priority to do something at a given time. If your priority is to write, well you write. When one is hungry and crave to fill in, I don’t think anyone will come up with a Hungryman's-Block. Ha Ha! <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This’s a quote I like very much and I have posted this in facebook long back: "The art of writing is the art of applying the seat of the pants to the seat of the chair." (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1111227/bio">Mary Heaton Vorse</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Well, I’m not being cynical, and I do agree most of the screenwriters and writers will have trouble with Writer's Block at some point in their lives.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">From my experience of having seen other screenwriters work, also having written many a screenplay, I can well understand the many many hitches during the process of writing. Writing is of course a journey, like life itself, like the story one writes itself. Trepidation, anxiety, a life change, financial commitments, the end of a project, the beginning of a project…almost anything, it seems, can cause that particular feeling of fear and frustration in the writer. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Let me ask you something: What's the most arduous part of writing? Or, what phase of the writing process gives you the most of burden? Is it developing the story? Structuralizing emotions? Rewriting? Revising? Editing? <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">For many of us, the hardest part of all is ‘getting started’. Sitting down in front of a computer screen or a blank sheet of paper, facing a blank wall, and--and nothing.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">"The easiest thing to do on earth is ‘not write’."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(<a href="http://www.filmmakers.com/artists/williamgoldman/biography/index.htm">William Goldman</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">We really will want to write. We may be facing a deadline that should compel us to write. But instead of feeling motivated or inspired, we grow anxious and frustrated. And those negative feelings can make it even harder to get started. That's what we call "Writer's Block." <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Or sometimes, even after we start writing with labored focus, making time to write will always be something of a struggle. With friends and family, financial obligations, and emotional issues all vying for our attention, it takes determination to make a writing schedule and stick to it. Writer's Block, of course.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">When asked about the most frightening thing he had ever encountered, novelist <a href="http://www.ernest.hemingway.com/">Ernest Hemingway</a> said, "A blank sheet of paper." And none other than the Master of Terror himself, <a href="http://www.stephenking.com/index.html">Stephen King</a>, said that the "scariest moment is always just before you start [writing]. After that, things can only get better."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">It’s interesting to read what’s found in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writer's_block">Wikipedia on Writers’ Block</a>:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Writer's Block is a condition, associated with writing as a profession, in which an author loses the ability to produce new work. The condition varies widely in intensity. It can be trivial, a temporary difficulty in dealing with the task at hand. At the other extreme, some "blocked" writers have been unable to work for years on end, and some have even abandoned their careers. It can manifest as the affected writer viewing their work as inferior or unsuitable, when in fact it could be the opposite.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Writer's Block may have many or several causes. Some are essentially creative problems that originate within an author's work itself. A writer may run out of inspiration. The writer may be greatly distracted and feel he or she may have something that needs to be done beforehand. A project may be fundamentally misconceived, or beyond the author's experience or ability. A fictional example can be found in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Orwell">George Orwell</a>'s novel Keep <a href="http://www.george-orwell.org/Keep_the_Aspidistra_Flying/index.html">The Aspidistra Flying</a>, in which the protagonist Gordon Comstock struggles in vain to complete an epic poem describing a day in London: "It was too big for him, that was the truth. It had never really progressed, it had simply fallen apart into a series of fragments."<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In her 2004 book <a href="http://books.google.co.in/books?id=PUORuyqcfeIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Midnight+Disease:+The+Drive+to+Write,+Writer's+Block,+and+the+Creative+Brain&source=bl&ots=fG44vFI06X&sig=b9g0ouJN8JtYy8Xb8sjIBVnQTgU&hl=en&ei=zfErTePuOYXtrQeBs7yDCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false">The Midnight Disease: The Drive to Write, Writer's Block, and the Creative Brain (ISBN 9780618230655)</a>, the writer and neurologist <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/17/science/17prof.html?_r=1">Alice W. Flaherty</a> has argued that literary creativity is a function of specific areas of the brain, and that block may be the result of brain activity being disrupted in those areas.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">(to be continued . . .)<o:p></o:p></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com13tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-80026421277883606402011-01-08T08:18:00.001+05:302011-01-08T12:01:59.279+05:30STORIES: A WRITER'S PERSPECTIVE<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">All these years of my writing I’ve been asking myself a question, hundreds of times – what do I have to write as screenplay, so many people like it. At the same time I wanted them to know that I wrote it. OMG! It’s a tough nut to crack.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">And this question came up again at the <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Academy Studio - ScreenWrite.In</a> when a few of my student-writers gathered to work on their screenplays which are getting produced soon.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">You can't make films about something the audience knows nothing about. The trick is getting the audience to tell their own stories in the story so that they know what will happen. And then, just before they get bored, you surprise them and move the story in a new direction.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">You may call it a theory or a system or whatever but the basic idea is that you’re very much part of an audience with a life, regularly pulsating, emotionally binding, trying to make meanings about many things we are all ignorant and wary about than you’re a writer. At the same time, a writer also wonders about the ignorance and unpredictability of life, which he relives to make meanings.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">As many writers had long interpreted, a writer lives, at best, in a state of astonishment. Beneath any feeling he has of the good or evil of the world, lies a deeper feeling of wonder at it. Writing stories is an exercise of dreaming of course, but paradoxically, conscious dreaming, and so, necessarily not apart from living. It’s of course, a double living. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">For the same reason, I believe, a writer needn’t be known personally, but by his reliving in his products – his stories. And only those who need him would know where to find him. That would be sometimes filmmakers, sometimes audiences or sometimes characters themselves long lost in the maze of those wakeful imaginings.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">If this is the kind of story that screenwriters select to write for films to communicate, screenplays literally provide the ingredients to make it happen. For the same reason, it becomes a blue print for just emotions and not literary depth and display. It works as an effective catalyst for the story to be told well, audio visually and the emotions carved and guided to the optimal peaks.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">And if the screenwriter has to show this great art of structuralizing emotions, he has to wear the attire of a composer of music as he writes. It involves a lot of technique, a lot of rules, a lot systematic specifics and a lot of knowledge of how people respond to emotional packages. A good screenwriter must be aware of all that. If you don’t know the rules you can’t challenge them or break them. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I believe that film is built up with completely banal stories, which everyone knows. But what makes it plausible, attentive and remembered is channeling a unique emotional approach and definitions. And I believe, that is incomparably personal of the screenwriter; and depends on the life experiences and awareness of the many pockets of life conditions the writer has gone through or can identify as emotional springs to mark in his structuralizing labor. That’s what really matters. Only that matters.<o:p></o:p></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-14239553516161955652011-01-05T10:05:00.000+05:302011-01-05T10:05:02.060+05:30WRITING LOGLINES<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">It’s been great year last year and it’s going to be a great year this year, too. Because we all were writing all the way last year, and this year, of course, is not going to be any different, I reckon.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Yesterday, at my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Academy Studio - ScreenWrite.In</a> one of my students told me about his difficulty to write loglines for the model-pitch that I insist with every student who comes to me for screenwriting programs. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">I find writing loglines as the hardest part of the writing process, at the same time give a lot confidence to the writer once they succeed writing them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The reason for this dilemma is that if the writer can’t capsule the story in 3-4 lines, then it indicates that he/she doesn’t know what it’s about.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">And that’s why I find loglines work two folds for a screenwriter. One and most importantly, to get a focus on the story one attempts to develop at the process of development; more often after the writer writes the story from the heart. Later, once the screenplay is all structured and written, one writes for the pitch, to ignite the interest in a prospective Producer for the screenplay to be produced.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">While the former, as has always worked for me, is sort a synopsis of the story I crave to develop or that I have developed so far, so it gives me scope to dream and work further on my story. The latter on the other hand, is a ‘pitch’ or ‘logline’ with a practical function to give the prospective Producer an idea of what your screenplay is all about, but not necessarily a synopsis of the story. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Pitching your ideas successfully, whether from a screenplay, a short story or even your own mind does not come naturally for most of us. We need a little practice and effort to prepare to pitch our idea. That’s why Loglines are carefully crafted words to clearly and succinctly communicate to those who intent to buy the screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">A log line or pitch is the briefest explanation of your story and usually contains one to three sentences. It contains the basic elements the protagonist, the conflict, the antagonist and the genre. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spielberg had said it thus: "Pitch me, 25 words or less.”<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">To generally point at the purpose of a Logline is to spot a protagonist, genre, core conflict, and lead towards a climax, without giving away the ending. As I said earlier the pitch-logline is not intended to tell the full story. Instead, it promotes the story in as few words as possible with the goal of attracting enough interest from a Producer so he/she requests to read a treatment or screenplay, which are salable material.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">In most of the cases the pitch happens during an unprecedented occasion so they need to be short, easily narrated during a conversation, and has to sound like ‘only one of its kind’. That’s why I repeat a logline is carefully crafted words and memorized to look as if it’s told impromptu, but carries an aura to woo. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Here are three examples of log lines which you can use as a guide to writing loglines:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">"A cynically self-interested nightclub owner must decide whether to risk helping a former flame on the run from the Nazis." (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0034583/">Casablanca</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">"A headstrong farm-boy must learn to become a warrior in order to join a galactic rebellion against an evil empire." (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0076759/">Star Wars</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">"A stubborn, over-the-hill former gunfighter again straps on his pistols to try to make a living, but must contend with a sadistic small-town sheriff." (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0105695/">Unforgiven</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">As a general rule one finds the following elements in a Logline:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">PROTAGONIST – Identify a main character along with his/her profession.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">GENRE – Reveal the story's setting when presenting the Conflict.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">CORE CONFLICTS – A personal issue for the Protagonist to overcome and an action from the Protagonist that threatens the Antagonist.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">CLIMAX – Lead towards a major conflict between the Protagonist and Antagonist.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Now have a look at these Loglines: <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">When a Roman general is betrayed and his family murdered by a corrupt prince, he comes to Rome as a gladiator to seek his revenge. (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0172495/">Gladiator</a>).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">OR<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">A young man and woman from different social classes fall in love aboard an ill-fated voyage at sea. (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/find?s=all&q=Titanic">Titanic</a>).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Developing the ability to create powerful Loglines for your work is an invaluable skill that aspirant writers should have in their toolkit. Again I remind you, the purpose of a pitch-logline is to attract enough interest from an industry professional so they will request your treatment or screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-54834372934950999112010-12-27T15:55:00.005+05:302010-12-27T16:04:35.853+05:30DIALOGUES AGAIN!<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">While we were dining on Christmas night, one of my friends and students from the <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Academy - ScreenWrite.In</a> ignited a discussion on dialogues of old Hindi films which had created great impact on the audiences of those times, which he doubted exist in the same order nowadays. I found it an interesting query, at the same time I opined I loved the dialogues in <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0986264/">Taare Zameen Par (2007)</a> or very recently <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1708453/">Aakrosh (2010)</a> impressive for that matter.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The discussion then moved on to the scene (I’m editing those portions of the discussion of Indian regional language films for the sake of the majority to relate to the movies,) in <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0116695/">Jerry McGuire</a> when <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000129/">Tom Cruise</a> dashes into the room to claim his estranged wife. When he spots her in a group of unfamiliar women, his eyes are moist and his face is awash with a million feelings. He locks eyes with her and pours his heart out in anguish. She tearfully shushes him to let him know that all is forgiven and that she is back. That moment would have been complete and poignant even if it had ended with Tom’s soulful soliloquy, but the dialogue, ‘You had me at hello’ melted the last icicle in a cynical heart. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">In <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0112384/">Apollo 13</a> when Tom Hanks and his team are getting trained in the spacecraft could you guess as to how that scene would turn out with none of them saying a word? For sure, there would have been much labored gesticulating involved.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">That’s why we need dialogue – to sometimes convey the essence in situations where no words are necessary, and to sometimes convey information in situations when only words will do.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Now, movie dialogues, as with real life speeches, broadly elicit 2 reactions: ‘Well said!’ or ‘Who talks like that?’ To predominantly write dialogues that fall in the first category, there are a few thumb rules that one can follow.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">One of the most important things to remember is that a dialogue is something that a character gives birth to. It is the character, complete with his strengths, his weaknesses, his past, his experiences, and most importantly, his reasons to tell a bit of his story that mouths the dialogue. In other words, what a guy says can’t be very different from who he really is. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000158/">Tom Hanks</a>, as an articulate, wronged lawyer sitting across <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000243/">Denzel Washington</a> explains his HIV predicament: ‘Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re going to get.’ No, it couldn’t have worked there – but an earnest and simple <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000158/">Tom Hanks</a> eager to share his wisdom with a willing stranger – yes, there the dialogue worked.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The next important thing is to remember why your character has to speak in the first place. Does the dialogue establish character? (A guy with 20” biceps mumbling ‘Tough men don’t cry.’ Or <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000140/">Michael Douglas</a> in Wall Street saying: ‘Greed is good.’) <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Or does it move the story further? (‘But Ma left for the hospital ages back! You can probably catch her at the platform), <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Or does it connect two divergent pieces of information related in the story? <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">When the characters are real and the situations reasonable, simple dialogues become quote worthy. Take the tough<a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000216/"> Arnold Schwarzenegger</a> saying ‘I’ll be back’ (most of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajinikanth">Rajnikant</a> movies have similar dialogue characteristic) or a somewhat curious lady in ‘<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0098635/">When Harry met Sally</a>’ making up her mind for dessert after witnessing <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000212/">Meg Ryan</a>’s fake orgasm, “I’ll have whatever she’s having.’ <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">They didn’t say anything exceptional, and they didn’t even say it exceptionally but the character and the context makes the dialogue worth quoting. The dialogues worked because they were natural, they were probable, and they were dialogues that one can believe them of saying. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">And finally, I’d suggest we write dialogues keeping in mind that some scenes really work without them. As <a href="http://www.airsupplymusic.com/index.shtml">Air Supply</a> - the Australian duo sang it: ‘You say it best when you say nothing at all.’</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-57725990289099126532010-12-18T13:38:00.001+05:302010-12-18T14:52:41.161+05:30CREATIVE WRITING Vs SCREENWRITING<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">CREATIVE WRITING Vs SCREENWRITING<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Two days back I had to answer a query by one of my prospective students, who wanted to join for a creative writing program I offer now at the <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Academy - ScreenWrite.In.</a> Her query was: How’s creative writing different from Screenwriting. I reckon many have this confusion, and that’s why I told Revathy I’ll write a blog about this.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Creative writing is anything where the purpose is to express thoughts, feelings and emotions rather than to simply convey information.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_writing">Creative writing</a> is considered to be any writing, fiction, poetry, or non-fiction that goes outside the bounds of normal professional, journalistic, academic, and technical forms of literature. Works which fall into this category include novels, epics, short stories, and poems. Writing for the screen and stage - screenwriting and playwriting respectively, typically have their own programs of study, but fit under the creative writing category as well.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">'Creative writing is writing that expresses the writer’s thoughts and feelings in an imaginative, often unique, and poetic way.' (<a href="http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/referencematerials/glossaryofliteracyterms/WhatIsCreativeWriting.htm">Sil.org – What is Creative Writing?</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">'Writing is a form of personal freedom. It frees us from the mass identity we see all around us. In the end, writers will write not to be out-law heroes of some under-culture but mainly to save themselves, to survive as individuals.' (<a href="http://www.k-state.edu/english/nelp/delillo/">Don DeLillo</a>)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_writing">Creative writing</a> can technically be considered any writing of original composition. In this sense creative writing is a more contemporary and process-oriented name for what has been traditionally called literature, including the variety of its genres. The practice of "professional writing" is not excluded from creative writing — one can be doing both in the same action. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><u>Forms of creative writing:</u><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Autobiography/Memoir<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Collaborative writing<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Creative non-fiction (Personal & Journalistic Essays)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Epic<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Flash fiction<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Novel<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Novella<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Playwriting/Dramatic writing<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Poetry<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Screenwriting<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Short story<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Songwriting<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Bibliography<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Stream of consciousness (narrative mode)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">To differentiate or bullet-point screenwriting from creative writing I’d say screenplay is a visual and an auditory medium. It cannot convey the inner thoughts of the protagonists’ minds as within novels, unless there is a narrative in the form of a voice-over, as in <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0099685/">Goodfellas</a> and <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0097351/">Field of Dreams</a>. However, such a tactic must be used with care, as it can be often be overused and may not be the best way of conveying inner thoughts.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">There must be no literary prose within the screenplay. With just about a hundred and twenty minutes or so of storytelling, there is very little scope to describe in depth the protagonists’ background and biographical details.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">On an average, a novel can be anything from 60,000 to 500,000 words long, and depending upon the font used, the size of the book will differ vastly too. The screenplay has strict guidelines, demanding a particular font (courier or pica with a font size of 12), with the ideal length of about 90 to 120 pages long, one page equalizing one minute of screen time.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">As a screenplay is a blueprint for a film, and film being in present tense, it becomes a written and unbreakable rule that you can't write the text in past or future tense. Flashbacks and Flashforwards or any innovative non-linear structures are all inside the storytelling; but they are shown on the screen in present motion as is always the case.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">So Screenplays are more ‘formatic’ for purposes of time and visual orientation than Prose or Poetry. Creative writing is an “art piece” of your mind wherein you can freely express your ideas, emotions and ability to attract or magnetize readers. Screenplays , on the other hand, attract readers but of a special category viz. the script-reader or the director to make the play to a visual reality.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">To wind this up I’ll <a href="http://twitter.com/#!/screenwritetwit">‘retweet’</a> here: Nothing else has ever given me such ineffable joy or left me in profound despair, still I can't imagine a time I cannot write a screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-26707157310096568352010-12-13T08:24:00.000+05:302010-12-13T08:24:33.255+05:30MYSTERY VS. SUSPENSE<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Yesterday when I was teaching the different emotions that screenwriters handle so very often, one of the aspirants asked me a pertinent query: How’s mystery different from suspense?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">This is a question asked by many students of screenwriting at my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/index.htm">studio – Screenwrite.In.</a> The answer is very similar to a Court's definition (and I can’t remember which Court) of pornography, "I can't define suspense, but I know it when I see it." Though we all know the difference when we see mystery and suspense severally, we find it sometimes, ineffable to detail the difference.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Wishing to have a better sharing for this mystery and suspense definition I referred the guiding interpretations of the master of suspense himself, Alfred Hitchcock. Contrary to popular belief, Hitchcock explained, suspense bears no relationship to fear. Instead, it is the state of waiting for something to happen.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Crucial to the <a href="http://hitchcock.tv/">Hitchcock</a>-ian thriller is the difference between suspense and surprise. To put it simply, (I have written this before in one of my previous blogs:</span> <span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">ABOUT 'SUSPENSE' IN MOVIES) the director said that if you have a scene where two characters are conversing in a cafe, and a bomb suddenly goes off under the table, the audience experiences surprise. On the other hand, if the audience sees the saboteur place the bomb, is told that it will go off at one o'clock, and can see a clock in the scene, the mundane conversation between two cafe patrons now becomes one of intense suspense, as the audience holds its collective breath waiting for the explosion. Fifteen minutes of suspense, as opposed to fifteen seconds of surprise. It was therefore necessary, to Alfred Hitchcock, that the audience be as fully informed as possible.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">Based on this principle, the suspense thriller has been loosely defined as a story in which the audience is waiting for something significant to happen. The protagonist's job is to prevent the speeding bus from exploding, or the aliens from eating the crew. The reader experiences a vicarious thrill by identifying with the hero and the danger he faces, becoming a participant in the chase.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">A mystery, on the other hand, is a chain of revelation, with action more mental than physical. A significant event, usually a murder, has just occurred, and the protagonist's job is to discover who committed the crime, and why. The dilemma created for the writer of traditional mysteries is the fact that the villain and the details of the crime must remain unidentified, breaking Hitchcock's rule of keeping the audience informed.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">While writing a mystery the screenwriter quickly learns that it is far harder to generate suspense when the story revolves around something that has already happened, as opposed to a life-threatening event that is going to happen in the future. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">For this reason, most of the mystery-screenplays contain elements of suspense, where the protagonist or another character's life is in danger as long as the villain remains at large. At the same time to the screenwriter’s utmost alarm he/she loses the most significant source of conflict: the protagonist and her major foe cannot face off in conflict until the final scene. A threat from an unknown source is never as superb as the danger of a known and powerful villain.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">So, if it's that simple, why don't we all give up writing ‘whodunits’, and turn our attention to screenplays for the next <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0095016/">Die Hard</a> or <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1166100/">Ghajini (Hindi 2008)</a> sequel? The answer is simple. While the traditional mystery may lack something in shock value and sensational thrill, it has other merits. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">A successful mystery is compelling drama because it explores the uncharted territory of the mind. Few mysteries today rely solely on a puzzle. The contemporary whodunit has become a ‘whydunit’. For the same reason that we read true crime stories, we read mysteries to find out why a sane person would be pushed to commit the ultimate crime, or how an insane murderer could so brilliantly cover his tracks. The reader gets involved because the mystery is such a perfect medium for revealing character.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">All great literary writers have understood the connection between plot and character. Characters are defined by what they do. How characters act is controlled by who they are. <a href="http://www.henryjames.org.uk/">Henry James</a> wrote, "What is character by the determination of incident? What is incident but the illustration of character?" <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The tension is created in a traditional mystery, as in any novel, by the unresolved conflicts between the characters. Conflict is created by placing interesting and well-rounded characters, which the reader can identify with, into an extraordinary and unfamiliar situation. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">The sudden death and subsequent homicide investigation of a close relative or colleague is an emotional cauldron that is nevertheless plausible and understandable to the reader. Thus, the reader is hooked not by shocking thrill seeking, but by an intense need to know what will happen to these characters that have become like friends. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 10.0pt;">A good mystery satisfies our need to understand the human condition; but a suspense comparably is momentous.<o:p></o:p></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-14516782147671711232010-12-11T17:23:00.001+05:302010-12-12T12:14:43.969+05:30ScreenWrite.In – New Logo and Website<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Dear friends,<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">I’m so happy to tell you Screenwrite has come up with a new website and a new Logo - the Logo for the future, from now on. The website too is revamped with more visit-friendly, informative features. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">There’s something I’ve added as Applied Programs in the <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Academy - ScreenWrite.In.</a> Those are Short Term programs for: Sitcom/Serial writing for TV, Writing for Animation films, Creative writing, Copy writing, Blog writing, Play writing and Story Boarding apart from Screenwriting. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The intention is to bring about more and more writers with organized writing outlook, with the knowledge of systematized tools of writing in each of these writing segments. And my dream is more aspirants to get actualized, attending these programs.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Please visit <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">www.screenwrite.in </a>and popularize the website as a friendly gesture.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
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</div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-16557709443076296422010-11-30T11:35:00.003+05:302010-11-30T11:47:29.788+05:30ADAPTATION<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Adaptation is always a hot topic when it comes to discussing about creativity, and so it came when a few of my old students from <a href="http://www.prasadacademy.com/">L V Prasad Film and Television Academy</a> visited me at my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Studio - ScreenWrite.In</a>. </span><br />
<div style="line-height: normal;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I think the prototype of adaptation is what <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000406/">John Ford (Director)</a> did with <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0825705/">John Steinbeck</a>’s <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0032551/">Grapes of Wrath (1940)</a>, which was a book of over 400 pages boiled down to two hours (screenplay by <span class="apple-style-span"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0425913/">Nunnally Johnson</a></span></span>). Somehow Johnson and Ford get the essence of that book on film. The same with <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001279/">William Goldman</a>’s <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0074860/">Marathon Man</a> – a 336-page novel adapted to a movie time of two hours and five minutes, by the author himself. (Wow! I adore William Goldman!)<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">These two projects were in the back of my mind when I did ‘<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0246943/">Soorya Manasam</a></span></span>’ (Malayalam – actors <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0007123/">Mammooty</a>, <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0417310/">Shawkar Janaki</a> dir. by <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0857002/">Viji Thampi</a>) an adaptation of John Steinbeck’s famous novella ‘<a href="http://books.google.co.in/books?id=nE_Si_bv-W4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Of+Mice+and+Men&source=bl&ots=dBqmWm5sQJ&sig=0_D6E3QraxRHLszDWBBAWmKY9P4&hl=en&ei=oY70TOOpKIPRcfzZtfsE&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false">Of Mice and Men</a>’. The literary material I was dealing with was schizophrenic, emotional and down to earth, and kind of unpredictable. The book had an unsophisticated pace and a lazy rural quality.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I have seen many nomads in my childhood (mostly from rural North Eastern states of India)who used to come to my household for carving stones for traditional grinding for making dough, the way they move around from place to place, their lives always connected to movement at a certain pace. I reckoned I should keep that feeling when I wrote ‘<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0246943/">Soorya Manasam</a></span></span>’. I didn't want to go too far where the pace got sagging, but at the same time it couldn't be staccato because it wouldn't be true.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">In literature, the author has the opportunity to explore in pages all kinds of explanations inside of characters' heads. You can be more psychologically motivated than you can in film, where you have a finite medium, where you have to give an image and a certain set of audio and visual information presented clearly.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">When a film is an original idea, at least for me, it writes itself. It won't let you sleep. It wakes you up. You're writing on napkins. You're almost having wrecks on the street trying to talk into the tape recorder. When you adapt a screenplay, my experience is that somehow you are so mindful of the spirit of another work that you are always trying to keep from being a generation removed. You run the danger of being one generation removed from what the author was able to do with the book initially.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Somehow we need to teach ourselves how to approach adaptations safely as neither movie barbarians nor literary purists. A film shouldn’t need to form fully from a writer / director’s cerebral approach in order to be deemed good. Nor should an adaptation tethered too tightly to its source. <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0114345/">The S<i>carlet Letter</i></a> (screenplay by <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0829343/">Douglas Day Stewart)</a><span class="apple-style-span"> </span>didn’t fail because it was unfaithful to <span class="apple-style-span"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0370426/">Nathaniel Hawthorne</a></span></span>’s novel; it failed because it wasn’t a very good film.) <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">In <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0080220/">Sanjay Leela Bansali</a>’s <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0238936/">Devdas (2002)</a> irrespective of the studding star cast, <span class="apple-style-span"><span style="text-decoration: none;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharat_Chandra_Chatterji">Saratchandra Chatterjee</a></span></span>’s novel is badly adapted as compared to <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1327035/">Dev.D (2009)</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anurag_Kashyap_(director)">Anurag Kashyap</a> has made. Comparatively the screenplay generates a version of the source-story, which is curiosity generating either by the pictures that back emotions or the purity of emotional content in relation to the current placement of the topic. Dev.D has achieved both and hence a better adaptation.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">For artistic, financial, and practical reasons – (there will always be a large percentage of people who never read the literary source) – films must succeed on their own terms. At the same time, though, they shouldn’t replace the stories they are based on – though we the reading public, have let this happen all too often. In the best cases, adaptations extend, enhance, and elaborate on their sources. And when the pairing of director and author is complimentary as with <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0181497/">Julio Cortazar</a> and <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000774/">Antonioni</a> (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0060176/">Blowup</a>), or <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000265/">Altman</a> and <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0142577/">Raymond Carver</a> (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0108122/">Short Cuts</a>), or interestingly <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001279/">William Goldman </a>and <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001279/">William Goldman</a> (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0074860/">Marathon Man</a>) they do even more. Then the works and themes of each artist gain synergy and resonance when taken in concert, and even the differences are instructive. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">“In the end the film is there, and the stories are there and one hopes there’s a fruitful interaction.” – <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000265/">Robert Altman, Director</a>.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-83122527378361260062010-11-25T15:29:00.006+05:302010-11-26T08:51:41.555+05:30A SELECTED GLOSSARY FOR SCREENWRITERS<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Screenplays and screenwriting is, in and of itself, a very unique writing form because it has a standardized screenplay format that is common among the industry; because it has to be read and interpreted by a lot of different types of professions and individuals. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This means that the screenplay format and screenplay structure is going to be much more common between different screenplays than other literary forms, which allows screenplay terms to become much more common and used. When you work on screenwriting you need to address many of the common <i>screenwriting</i> <i>terms</i> so that you can keep in mind the standards set for both the screenplay format and the screenplay structure that is often followed. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">And this is a common question from the many who attend my screenwriting programs at <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #990000;">Screenwriters' Academy - ScreenWrite.In.</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Here is a basic screenplay glossary, outlining different screenwriting terms that you are going to need to know when working on your screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">BEAT<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">A screenplay beat can actually refer to a couple different things. First, a beat in a screenplay can indicate a literal beat in the dialogue. What this means is that you have placed the word BEAT in between two lines of dialogue to indicate that a little time has passed between these moments and that there has been a little bit of a shift, or beat.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The other type of beat that would be indicated in a screenplay glossary would be the story beats that would be in a screenplay. This would indicate the main beats that would happen a few times in a story that indicate action/dialogue/emotional-shift moments that mark moments in the script.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">FADE IN<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">FADE IN is a specific line, and format, used in your screenplay to indicate a literal fade transition. This FADE IN is display in all capitals followed by a colon (:) and is only really acceptable at the beginning of the opening scene.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">CONTINUOUS<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In the opening slug line of a scene in your screenplay you are going to have an indication of DAY or NIGHT, which is in line with the screenplay format. Instead of this you can put CONTINUOUS if it is a scene that is continuing directly from the previous one. You could actually use this device on several scenes that run into each other, such as in a chase scene.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">EXT / INT<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In your slug line you are always going to indicate if it is in an INT, or interior location, or EXT, an exterior location. These abbreviations are always included and cannot be left off because it will help the production coordinator to know what they have to prepare for.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">FAVOR ON<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">What FAVOR ON means in the screenplay format is that in a scene the camera is supposed to favor a specific character more than others. Only indicate this if it is absolutely necessary as you are not going to want to be including directions that the director or the director of photography would be giving in the production situation.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">V.O.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">V.O. simply means voice over, and you may want to note that a specific series of lines are in V.O. This will often happen for a narrator or someone who is talking over a series of images, but not indicated to actually be in the physical space where those images are coming from.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">O.S.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Off Screen dialogues are meant for characters who you want to indicate as present in the scene but are not shown at the time the dialogue is delivered.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">CUT TO<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">CUT TO is a transition direction that means a direct cut from one shot to another. This can happen more often than the FADE IN: in the screenplay if you need to indicate that a certain shot is important to come after another.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">INSERT<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The insert is a type of shot that is going to be the direct view of the camera even though it may not be indicated by the scene as a whole. These inserts will likely be shot outside of the pattern of the regular film coverage, and may be a specific look on a face or object. For example, in a scene where the girl is very conscious of the time of the day when she talks with her fiancé, you may want to show her concern about the time by putting the insert of her wrist watch. Only include the insert if it is vitally important to your screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">PARENTHETICAL<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">A parenthetical is a device that is permissible in the screenplay format that is included in the dialogue. It is a direction to the character (how to say the dialogue, or show some pertinent expressions during the dialogue) and is included only if the reader may not be able to decode the intent of the line.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">SUPER<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">SUPER means superimpose and is going to indicate that one image is to be superimposed onto another, if that is the intent as listed in the screenplay. Superimposing images is not the most common filmic device, so its inclusion will likely indicate a visual theme you are trying to establish in your film.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">EXCLUSIVELY ABOUT PERSPECTIVE<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Though it was a relatively common practice in the past, very few filmmakers use Point of View in their work. Point of View is essentially the positioning of a camera so that it appears as though it is the sight line of a specific character, where this is their “Point of View.” This often only happens briefly in a film where you are not intended to see a character yet or if they are intoxicated.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In other generations, this was an entire device, such as the ability to hide the killer’s identity in the original Friday the 13th. Point of View can fit wherever you feel as though it can be worked with, but you still have to identify this in your screenplay. As with almost any film element, there is a format for Point of View in your film’s screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">POV<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">For brevities sake, you are always going to abbreviate Point of View as POV. In all places of your screenplay where it is indicated that Point of View is taking hold as a perspective you should be writing POV.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">POV is a camera direction inherently, and therefore many people will not want you to put it into your spec script. The reason for this is that it should be the director’s choice and will only be put into the official shooting script. The point here is that in most cases that you are going to have a POV in your film it does not need to be in your screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">If you are going to put it in there, as when you are transferring a spec script into a shooting script, or if you are directing your own screenplay, you are going to identify this at the beginning of the area. This could be the direction that comes right before a short sequence though it has to not include too much action because POV is so limited.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sample:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">JOHN’S POV –<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">John can see something glowing at the end of the corridor as he scurries to find the obscure thing.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">This will then indicate both what is about to happen and exactly the camera position to capture this. With this, the POV will just be a brief indicator before the main action is there.<o:p></o:p></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-20793501591930867592010-11-20T08:59:00.001+05:302010-11-20T16:30:45.401+05:30WRITER and DIRECTOR - PART II<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Continued . . . On Using Camera Movement<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Once you've set your locations <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">known</i> and had your sets designed, the look of the picture is locked in. I don't care what your cinematographer does. If it is a tiny room, you're photographing tiny spaces. If it is a colorful room, you're making a statement about bright color.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">To suddenly say, "I'm starting to shoot this film, now I'll create my visual style," is nonsense. That’s why I said earlier, the Director has to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">know</i> the location well in advance. The visual look is total ensemble work and it is extremely important that it be set very early on.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The camera and camera movement are part of the vocabulary you use to make your statement. If you overuse camera movement, it's like screaming, "Help, help, help" all the time, or having 25 exclamation points. If you're looking at the eyes and face of a character and they're revealing emotions, why the hell move the camera unless that movement makes a statement?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">On the other hand, in <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0096827/">Apoorva Sahodharkal (Tamil)</a> while Appu (<a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0352032/">Kamal Hassan</a>) laughs out loud on the circus ring making others laugh, his huge histrionic speech that's wildly funny, and I pan down to his hands and his fingernails that dig holes into his palms and they bleed, there's a reason for that camera movement.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">There’s one shot on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guna_(film)">Guna</a> when Roshini tries to escape the dilapidated church where she’s kept a prisoner by Guna, as she comes out and runs towards the car, screams: “help, anybody help”. The camera suddenly pans in different directions as we hear her voice coming back. The forest looks lavishly expansive, exaggeratedly careless; and we find her voice coming back to her from all around, as she finds herself a part of eternity.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">It was a striking camera move, but it was also making a point: "OMG, how lost the girl is, and how endless can be the journey of escape!"<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">On Scoring Films Effectively<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">While writing screenplays, I’m sure we all come up with a music within, which is hardly effable or rather not defined at that point of time; still we can well feel the presence of music, as a writer. But a director, I reckon should have a clear definition with the songs, and more importantly the music score used to highlight emotions in the film. In general, music and sound effects are dangerous weapons because they are over-used so much. <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanakyan_(film)">Chanakyan</a></i> (Malayalam) and <i><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0285665/">Kuruthippunal</a></i> (Tamil) were films wherein songs were not essential but music score was. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In Chanakyan, <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0803189/">Mohan Sitara</a> - almost a debutant music composer at those times did a wonderful contribution for Chanakyan; he had composed a score well before the cinematographic shoot was on, so we could use the score as a base to shoot the pictures. The score actually has characterized the lost music inside the character - Johnson, and also gave many modulations to his long-pending revenge. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In Kuruthippunal, the original music of Shri <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0006137/">Ilayaraja</a> brought about a sense of danger in domestic fascism, hiding behind symbols of patriotism, as he created a positive, folk-like score. But there's an edge to it. There's something under that cheerful, martial thing that becomes threatening.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0464071/">Jillunnu Oru Kadhal</a>, <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0006246/">A R Rahman</a> used the score more relatable to baroque, at the same time regional folk music, which brought about a dignity and romantic quality, but controlled with a sense of occasion. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">On Choosing Projects<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">We all go by our ethos as a person, and not as a writer or director, as we pursue this path of creativity. The kind of influence we have had during our childhood does make a weight as to the choice we make in choosing a project to write or direct. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Somewhere, we go back to the fact that we all have obsessions. If we're creative, if we're lucky, we have things that drive us, mysteries that we have to live and re-live and act out and re-enact. And each time, if you're creative and you're lucky, you get a picture or a book or a story out of it. That's what I always tell my colleagues and students at my <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Screenwriters Academy - ScreenWrite.In</a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
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</div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-16159899761857714282010-11-18T13:13:00.004+05:302010-11-18T13:39:32.739+05:30WRITER and DIRECTOR<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Chand Rai is my recent aspirant and student who travelled all the way from <a href="http://www.google.co.in/images?hl=en&expIds=17259,27355,27552,27687&xhr=t&q=gelephu+bhutan&cp=15&safe=off&um=1&ie=UTF-8&source=univ&ei=VNXkTOfUCJKfccGModMK&sa=X&oi=image_result_group&ct=title&resnum=4&sqi=2&ved=0CD4QsAQwAw&biw=995&bih=636">Gelephu, Bhutan</a> to learn and experience Screenwriting. And he’s going to host a few programs in his hometown in Bhutan early next year. <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Screenwriting Academy – ScreenWrite.In</a> is spreading its mission to a wider spectrum.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Chand has been a keen student; at the same his ‘theme’ has been quite definite and unique. The script he finished here, titled 'Nu Ten', sounded really touching, at the same time promising for an international film, which Chand plans to direct himself.</span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzBxeVWqUxQtW1JUNjz1sejmbr1vkdFWe7pNXTGy8ZrIiOsz9skoBvf3s3WNTcvAum3foims_wIOt7w1kS3ze-v2ttTp-sMFwQqeijsXVNDix_HX1pQYzpJX7eXfYZCBkJkdq8YYRSQRs/s1600/DSC_4217+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzBxeVWqUxQtW1JUNjz1sejmbr1vkdFWe7pNXTGy8ZrIiOsz9skoBvf3s3WNTcvAum3foims_wIOt7w1kS3ze-v2ttTp-sMFwQqeijsXVNDix_HX1pQYzpJX7eXfYZCBkJkdq8YYRSQRs/s200/DSC_4217+copy.jpg" width="132" /></a><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;">I’m writing this for Chand, and many like Chand who show interest to compare the roles of writer and director one has to switch, when it comes to actualizing a dream to make a film. Chand wanted to know the nitty-gritties of direction as I look at it; may be, he wanted to get a writer’s perspective to directing a film.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000005/">Ingmar Bergman</a> had commented: "If you don't have something to say, don't make a film." A director has to have a concept, some driving passion, as a writer has to have a theme or a premise for his story and screenplay. Once you have that ‘theme, premise or concept’, the director puts in his efforts to communicate that concept to other people in the most effective way.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">As a Writer most of the time you communicate to yourself, assessing the pros and cons creating conflicts and drama, the Director’s job is being an artist, part of it's being a ‘general’--organizing the troops--and part of it is being a ‘communicator’, so that the other creative people can do their best work within your 'concept'. The other part is being a ‘psychiatrist’--in particular, working with actors. And that is not said in a teasing way, because acting is an emotional tool, and you have to have some sense of the person who's doing it and what they have to contribute to their character in order to get the performance you want out of them.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">It's crucial to choose what you say to each person very carefully. Your job as a director is to keep the whole integrated concept moving forward.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>Locations and Art Director</b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">A most important choice for any Director is have an idea about the locations one is going to utilize for the cinematographic shoot. As a Writer one may have had a vision about the locale but as Director one has to blend the locale with the pragmatism of the Cinematographic shoot. The Director, unlike the Writer, has to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">know</i> the location for the <i><a href="http://www.experiencefestival.com/cinematography_-_lens/articleindex">Camera Lenses</a></i> more than just <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">seeing</i> it in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">his mind’s eye</i>. The location has to be really conducive to generate the emotion underlying the story’s world and the director has to identify it to himself first. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The importance of casting well holds not just for actors, but for all the other key people as well: the Art Director, the Cinematographer, the Costume Designer and the Production Controller etcetera. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">While shooting <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0140090/">Guna</a> (Tamil) there is this crucial scene when Roshini (Abhirami for Guna) tries to escape the remote, dilapidated church on top of the hill in the forest, Guna hides in the junky bathroom exterior and chases her. And the Art Director had worked the junky bathroom perfect to the core.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">But when the scene was staged the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_director">Director</a> - <a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0080248/">Santhana Bharathi</a> thought, "It's absolutely wrong to play it there. It should be outside the church and way beyond, for the curiosity to sustain." Then Bharathi realized that there was no place for Guna to hide, and if he can't hide, the whole scene is down the drain--it was a suspense moment. The Director was walking around the set thinking, "Where the hell do I hide this man?"<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Then the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_director">Art Director</a> pointed at the junky car Guna had brought his Abhirami and a little dark corner--which the Director hadn't asked the Art Director to supply--so you could keep Guna inside the car and you don't see that man hiding until you're right at the door. The Director never asked for it. It was wonderful. The Art Director has to give you little surprises and eccentricities beyond what you've worked out on the floor plan. The Director and his Prime Crew have to have that kind of rapport, and it's essential. That’s one way to look at it. The other side is, had the Director <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">known</i> the location well in advance, this problem wouldn’t have cropped up at all.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>On Using Camera Movement</b> . . . to be continued<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-23692670197005371072010-11-16T09:57:00.003+05:302010-11-16T12:30:37.359+05:30Theme of Screenplay<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Last evening, my good friend <a href="http://dawoodsait.blogspot.com/">Dawood</a> (I don’t want to call him my student anymore; he’s now a Film School faculty) came to my new office of <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">Screenwriters Academy, ScreenWrite.In</a> in Chennai to discuss about his idea of shooting a series of short films. Dawood well believed short films have become a widely recognized segment among film viewers, may be thanks to facebook and YouTube!<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Well, the point why I want to write this blog today is something that struck to me when I was hearing what Dawood narrated as his short film screenplay last evening. I asked him a simple question after I heard the script: Did you have something like this ------- as the theme before you started working on the script? He answered yes; and I was truly happy to hear him say that. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Creating a ‘premise’ or ‘theme’ for your screenplay before you start working on it <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">is</i> very important, whether you write a short or long feature script. I always ask my students: “What is the premise of your story?" And I ask this question on purpose to let the student analyze on a fundamental whether the screenplay has succeeded or failed. If it fails, it means the student failed to convey to the audience what is driving his story; or in another perspective why the audience should care?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">You may wonder why I keep on harping on the ‘theme-factor’ in classes or discussions on writing screenplays. Though creating a theme for the story seems like a simple enough task, I strongly believe that 90 percent of the films written by students or novice writers fail the ‘theme-factor’ test.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Often times, what makes a story move aren’t what inspire us to sit down and attempt to write a screenplay. The source of inspiration may be a great idea for an opening, a setting, a character or a plot twist. While there's nothing wrong with starting with whatever stirs our imaginations and passions, at some point you should ask, "What is my story about?"<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In his book <a href="http://www.flipkart.com/art-dramatic-writing-lajos-egri-book-9562915867">The Art of Dramatic Writing</a> (1946), teacher and playwright <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lajos_Egri">Lajos Egri</a> discusses at length how premises work. Egri states:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Everything has a purpose, or premise. Every second of our life has its own premise, whether or not we are conscious of it at the time. That premise may be as simple as breathing or as complex as a vital emotional decision, but it is always there…Every good play must have a well-formulated premise…No idea, and no situation, was ever strong enough to carry you through to its logical conclusion without a clear-cut premise.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">The premise should be the driving force behind every event in your screenplay. A good premise is derived from emotions--love, hate, fear, jealousy, desire, etc.--and revolves around a character, a conflict and a conclusion. For example, the premise of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>'s <a href="http://www.shakespeare-literature.com/Othello/index.html">Othello</a> is that unchecked jealousy leads to death. Othello is the character, his jealousy of Desdemona is the conflict and death (of both) is the conclusion. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aamir_Khan">Aamir Khan</a>’s movie <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0986264/">Taare Zameen Par (2007)</a>, the premise is that a dyslexic child needs to be understood by others to discover the child’s innate talents. The conflict is that none understands Ishaan Awasthi; and Ram Shankar’s diligent approach to find Ishaan helps the boy discover himself finally.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Cameron">James Cameron</a>'s film <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120338/">Titanic</a> (1997), the premise is that love conquers death, physically and spiritually. Rose is the character, the sinking ship and Rose's forced engagement are the conflict and the conclusion is that Jack Dawson's love helps her beat death and frees herself from her fiancé. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Demme">Jonathan Demme</a>'s film <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0102926/">The Silence of the Lambs</a> (1991), the premise is that courage destroys evil. FBI agent Clarice Starling is the character, the conflict is her fear of the serial killer Buffalo Bill and the conclusion is that she overcomes her fears in order to defeat her opponent. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">As noted by Egri, "A good premise is a thumbnail synopsis of your play." <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">If your story does not have a clear premise, it will lack focus and drive. For example, if a story is more "illustrative" than dramatic, it may not maintain an audience's interest. I have seen a recent film <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1735932/">Va Quarter Cutting (Tamil)</a>, which in spite of the directorial and cinematographic excellence falls into this category, I guess. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">If a story has more than one premise, or if the premise changes along the way, it will confuse and bore the audience. Either way, the script won't work. However, some screenplays, like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Gaghan">Steven Gaghan</a>'s script for <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0181865/">Traffic (2000)</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Ball_(screenwriter)">Alan Ball</a>'s script for <a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0169547/">American Beauty (1999)</a>, are able to succeed with multiple story lines and points of view. This is because while these movies may seem at first to be without a premise, in fact, each separate storyline has its own clear premise.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">What are the premises of some of your favorite films? Maybe you have a few ideas for a story, but haven't narrowed your <i>theme or premise</i> down yet. Maybe a simple premise could provide you the starting point for your first screenplay.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-62190015569447508552010-10-12T07:26:00.005+05:302010-11-19T15:42:36.575+05:30Akira Kurosawa on Screenplay<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Yesterday I was talking about the relevance of screenplays in film-making, there was a query from one of my students about the approach of Akira Kurosawa to screenplays in his films. I think the best way to look at Kurosawa’s outlook towards screenplays in film making is to go through his <i><a href="http://www.amazon.com/reader/0394714393?_encoding=UTF8&ref_=sib_dp_ptu#reader-link">Something Like an Autobiography.</a></i></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I’m enclosing a few lines from the book for you to get enlightened, like I did when I went through them.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span> </span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">W</span></span></strong><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">ith a good script a good director can produce a masterpiece; with the same script a mediocre director can make a passable film. But with a bad script even a good director can’t possibly make a good film. For truly cinematic expression, the camera and the microphone must be able to cross both fire and water. That is what makes a real movie. The script must be something that has the power to do this.’</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><br />
</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">I</span></span></strong><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">n order to write scripts, you must first study the great novels and dramas of the world. You must consider why they are great. Where does the emotion come from that you feel as you read them? What degree of passion did the author have to have, what level of meticulousness did he have to command, in order to portray the characters and events as he did? You must read thoroughly, to the point where you can grasp all these things. You must also see the great films. You must read the great screenplays and study the film theories of the great directors. If your goal is to become a film director, you must master screenwriting.’</span></span></span><br />
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</span></span></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><span class="apple-style-span"></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">A</span></span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">good structure for a screenplay is that of the symphony, with its three or four movements and differing tempos. Or one can use</span></span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_2016534565">t</a></span></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_2016534565">he Noh play</a></span></span></span><span class="apple-converted-space"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noh"> </a></span></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">with its three-part structure: jo (introduction), ha (destruction) and kyu (haste). If you devote yourself fully to Noh and gain something good from this, it will emerge naturally in your films. The Noh is a truly unique art form that exists nowhere else in the world. I think the Kabuki, which imitates it, is a sterile flower. But in a screenplay, I think the symphonic structure is the easiest for the people of today to understand.’</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><br />
</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">S</span></span></strong><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">omething that you should take particular notice of is the fact that the best scripts have very few explanatory passages. Adding explanation to the descriptive passages of a screenplay is the most dangerous trap you can fall into. It’s easy to explain the psychological state of a character at a particular moment, but it’s very difficult to describe it through the delicate nuances of action and dialogue. Yet it is not impossible. A great deal about this can be learned from the study of the great plays, and I believe the “hard-boiled” detective novels can also be very instructive.’</span></span></span><br />
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</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><span class="apple-style-span"></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">I</span></span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">began writing scripts with two other people around 1940. Up until then I wrote alone, and found that I had no difficulties. But in writing alone there is a danger that your interpretation of another human being will suffer from one-sidedness. If you write with two other people about that human being, you get at least three different viewpoints on him, and you can discuss the points on which you disagree. Also, the director has a natural tendency to nudge the hero and the plot along into a pattern that is the easiest one for him to direct. By writing with about two other people, you can avoid this danger also.’</span></span></span><br />
<span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><span class="apple-style-span"></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">I</span></span></strong><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘ve forgotten who it was that said creation is memory. My own experiences and the various things I have read remain in my memory and become the basis upon which I create something new. I couldn’t do it out of nothing. For this reason, since the time I was a young man I have always kept a notebook handy when I read a book. I write down my reactions and what particularly moves me. I have stacks and stacks of these college notebooks, and when I go off to write a script, these are what I read. Somewhere they always provide me with a point of breakthrough. Even for single lines of dialogue I have taken hints from these notebooks. So what I want to say is, don’t read books while lying down in bed.’</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisV2gy5cPPPkPcQrvSxTor9ZQOgvoFaTFJzcXjJomXhA1VO9AeFIv3Wr57nC2dDgy1nCdZH7tee9coIHuWNPIV1hGbvVQyABKYrtX8rEEPmxWpH2mjiPVNeix5Yx98DJI2iOUA1D-ldZY/s1600/Kurosawa_01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisV2gy5cPPPkPcQrvSxTor9ZQOgvoFaTFJzcXjJomXhA1VO9AeFIv3Wr57nC2dDgy1nCdZH7tee9coIHuWNPIV1hGbvVQyABKYrtX8rEEPmxWpH2mjiPVNeix5Yx98DJI2iOUA1D-ldZY/s1600/Kurosawa_01.jpg" /></a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">A</span></span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">novel and a screenplay are entirely different things. The freedom for psychological description one has in writing a novel is particularly difficult to adapt to a screenplay without using narration.’</span></span></span><br />
<span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><span class="apple-style-span"></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">C</span></span></strong><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">haracters in a film have their own existence. The filmmaker has no freedom. If he insists on his authority and is allowed to manipulate his characters like puppets, the film loses its vitality.’</span></span></span><br />
<span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><span class="apple-style-span"></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">A</span></span></strong><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">t some point in the writing of every script I feel like giving the whole thing up. From my many experiences of writing screenplays, however, I have learned something: If I hold fast in the face of this blankness and despair, adopting the tactic of Bodhidharma, the founder of the Zen sect, who glared at the wall that stood in his way until his legs became useless, a path will open up.’</span></span></span><br />
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</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><span class="apple-style-span"></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"> </span></span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">‘</span></span></span><strong><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">T</span></span></strong><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;">hose who say an assistant director’s job doesn’t allow him any free time for writing are just cowards. Perhaps you can write only one page a day, but if you do it every day, at the end of the year you’ll have 365 pages of script. I began in this spirit, with a target of one page a day. There was nothing I could do about the nights I had to work till dawn, but when I had time to sleep, even after crawling into bed I would turn out two or three pages. Oddly enough, when I put my mind to writing, it came more easily than I had thought it would, and I wrote quite a few scripts.’</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0b5394;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;"><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I'd recommend any aspiring screenwriter to read <i>Something Like an Autobiography</i></span></span></span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-28476621964051931352010-10-01T10:08:00.001+05:302010-10-01T10:09:56.278+05:30Narration I<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I have been reading last night, a script for a 10-minute-short written by one of my mentees, Varadhan, which actually provoked me to write about format of and narration in screenplays.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Though the idea and substance of your screenplay may be exquisite, but when you falter in format and narration, you can’t maintain the readability of your screenplay.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">One thing I find common in young writers is the confusion of using FADE IN and FADE OUT. I found the same error in Varadhan’s script too, last night. In a feature film format, one doesn’t write the title at the top of the page (though some writers prefer to do it). The first thing that you write on the first page of your screenplay is FADE IN: in the top left hand corner. FADE OUT. is written in place of THE END in the bottom right-hand corner of the last page of your screenplay. Please note that FADE IN is always followed by : (colon) and FADE OUT always followed by . (period) and written in upper caps. Most of the novice writers confuse Fade In and Fade Out with DISSOLVE. Please be assured that FADE IN and FADE OUT come only once in your screenplay.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">We all know that a movie is a story told in pictures and sound. The narrative – also called ‘narration,’ ‘business, ‘blackstuff’’ or ‘description’ – is where a screenwriter writes those pictures and sounds (other than dialogues). And to keep the story moving, in literal terms, requires brevity, clarity, and pace. Also the screenwriter has to bear in mind that with the business and dialogues that he/she writes, in the style of format, one page should roughly meet one minute of screen time. I’ll suggest a few things which experienced writers always adhere to:</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">No paragraph in a screenplay should be longer than four or five lines – short, uncomplicated sentences. Long paragraphs of narration give the reader a burden to look at and difficulty to read. It is better to break up the paragraphs to units of action or ideas.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The narrative describes the action and imagery with economy, so simple sentences (subject, verb and object) should dominate the text. Complex grammar will only slow the read and lessen the impact.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">All narrative is written in SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE. Everything is written as if it were happening now, in front of our eyes, just as the film will be.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Narrative should also be written in ACTIVE VOICE. Active voice is easier to understand and more immediate than passive voice.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></o:p></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The environment should have an effect on the reader. You want the reader to see and experience it, and lose in it. The best way to do this is to use picture-making words. It’s very important for the upcoming screenwriters to have a strong grip on picture making words, to gain brevity at the same capture the senses of the reader. The function of metaphor and simile can well be made to use to evoke visual images and emotions in the reader. Then, the metaphor or simile must first be original. Clichés don’t stir up emotions.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/18362/18362.txt" style="color: #3366cc; font-weight: bold;">15,000 Useful Phrases</a>: A Practical Handbook Of Pertinent Expressions, Striking Similes, Literary, Commercial, Conversational, And Oratorical Terms, For The Embellishment Of Speech And Literature, And The Improvement Of The Vocabulary Of Those Persons Who Read, Write, And Speak English."</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I find this as a very useful tool for aspiring screenwriters, because when one gets mastery over condensed phrases, one gets more confidence in brief pictorial narration. "A good phrase may outweigh a poor library," as Thomas W. Higginson once wrote.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">One of the screenwriters I personally adore, <a href="http://www.mtvasudevannair.com/php/showContent.php?linkid=1" style="color: #3366cc; font-weight: bold;">M T VASUDEVAN NAIR</a>, wrote once described the one of the characters in his screenplay as ‘emotional door-mat’. What a portrayal! Brief, deep and imaginative!<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A useful link for </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">FREE</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> Download Template:<a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_607508314" style="color: #3366cc; font-weight: bold;"> </a></span><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.films.com.br/introi.htm" style="color: #3366cc; font-weight: bold;">http://www.films.com.br/introi.htm</a></span></span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'trebuchet ms', verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">And before I conclude, let me caution: poor spelling, improper punctuations, and bad grammar will sink a script. </span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-25127085205396324342010-09-23T20:14:00.004+05:302010-09-23T20:19:44.504+05:30EMOTIONS: JUST A PERIFERAL LOOK<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Through my many readings and experience in watching movies, I realize that we are influenced by emotions during our movie-watching experience. As screenwriters and storytellers, we deal with emotions; and try transport emotions that we intend to transport to the audiences. That’s where creative writers or screenwriters show their mettle and craft. When we really can define the emotion of </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">the</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> story, build it and transport it well to the audience, we accomplish as effective film-makers or screenwriters.</span><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Do we know what are emotions, if we need to build it well in our stories and screenplays and movies? Also, we need to understand here, it’s based on motions that we indentify genres in movie writing or movie making.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion">Emotion</a> is the complex psycho-physiological experience of an individual's state of mind as interacting with biochemical and environmental influences. In humans, emotion fundamentally involves "physiological arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience". Emotion is associated with mood, temperament, personality and disposition, and motivation. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The English word 'emotion' is derived from the French word émouvoir. This is based on the Latin ‘emovere’, where e- (variant of ex-) means 'out' and ‘movere’ means 'move'. The related term "motivation" is also derived from the word movere.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">No definitive classification of emotions exists, though numerous taxonomies have been proposed. Some categorizations include:<o:p></o:p></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">'Cognitive' versus 'non-cognitive' emotions<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Instinctual emotions (from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amygdala">amygdala</a>), versus cognitive emotions (from the prefrontal cortex).<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Categorization based on duration: Some emotions occur over a period of seconds (for example, surprise), whereas others can last years (for example, love).</span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A related distinction is between the emotion and the results of the emotion, principally behaviors and emotional expressions. People often behave in certain ways as a direct result of their emotional state, such as crying, fighting or fleeing. If one can have the emotion without the corresponding behavior, then we may consider the behavior not to be essential to the emotion. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Neuro-scientific research suggests there is a "magic quarter second" during which it's possible to catch a thought before it becomes an emotional reaction. In that instant, one can catch a feeling before allowing it to take hold. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Plutchik">Robert Plutchik</a>, </span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">professor emeritus at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and adjunct professor at the University of South Florida</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">, also a psychologist, is one person who has contributed much to the study of categorizing emotions. </span><span class="apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Robert Plutchik's psycho-evolutionary theory of emotion is one of the most influential classification approaches for general emotional responses</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> A wheel of emotions he had created is used to illustrate different emotions compelling and nuanced. Plutchik first proposed his cone-shaped model (3D) or the wheel model (2D) in 1980 to describe how emotions were related.</span><br />
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</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">He suggested 8 primary bipolar emotions: joy versus sadness; anger versus fear; trust versus disgust; and surprise versus anticipation. Additionally, his circumplex model makes connections between the idea of an emotion circle and a color wheel. Like colors, primary emotions can be expressed at different intensities and can mix with one another to form different emotions.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Here is a deeper list of emotions as described in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Parrott">Les Parrott, III</a>, Ph.D., is a professor of clinical psychology for Seattle Pacific University, author, motivational speaker, and an ordained Nazarene minister, where emotions were categorized into a short tree structure: </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div align="center"><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: outset #111111 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 80.0%;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 27.0pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="background: #CCFFFF; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 5.0pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Primary emotion</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFFF; border-left: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 5.0pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Secondary emotion</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFFF; border-left: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: 27.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 5.0pt; margin-right: 5.0pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Tertiary emotions</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 21.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background: #FFFFCC; border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: 21.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Love</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 21.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Affection<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 21.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Adoration, affection, love, fondness, liking, attraction, caring, tenderness, compassion, sentimentality<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 9.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 9.75pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Lust<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 9.75pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Arousal, desire, lust, passion, infatuation<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 3.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 3.75pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Longing<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 3.75pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Longing<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: .5in; mso-yfti-irow: 4;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background: #FFFFCC; border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: .5in; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Joy</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: .5in; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cheerfulness<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: .5in; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Amusement, bliss, cheerfulness, gaiety, glee, jolliness, joviality, joy, delight, enjoyment, gladness, happiness, jubilation, elation, satisfaction, ecstasy, euphoria<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Zest<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Enthusiasm, zeal, zest, excitement, thrill, exhilaration<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Contentment<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Contentment, pleasure<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Pride<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Pride, triumph<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Optimism<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Eagerness, hope, optimism<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Enthrallment<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Enthrallment, rapture<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Relief<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Relief<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;"> <td style="background: #FFFFCC; border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Surprise</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Surprise<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Amazement, surprise, astonishment<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 24.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;"> <td rowspan="6" style="background: #FFFFCC; border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Anger</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Irritation<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Aggravation, irritation, agitation, annoyance, grouchiness, grumpiness<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Exasperation<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Exasperation, frustration<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: .5in; mso-yfti-irow: 14;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: .5in; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Rage<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: .5in; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Anger, rage, outrage, fury, wrath, hostility, ferocity, bitterness, hate, loathing, scorn, spite, vengefulness, dislike, resentment<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Disgust<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Disgust, revulsion, contempt<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Envy<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Envy, jealousy<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 17;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Torment<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Torment<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 18;"> <td rowspan="6" style="background: #FFFFCC; border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sadness</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Suffering<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Agony, suffering, hurt, anguish<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 24.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sadness<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Depression, despair, hopelessness, gloom, glumness, sadness, unhappiness, grief, sorrow, woe, misery, melancholy<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 20;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Disappointment<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Dismay, disappointment, displeasure<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 21;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Shame<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Guilt, shame, regret, remorse<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: .5in; mso-yfti-irow: 22;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: .5in; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Neglect<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: .5in; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Alienation, isolation, neglect, loneliness, rejection, homesickness, defeat, dejection, insecurity, embarrassment, humiliation, insult<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 23;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sympathy<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 12.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Pity, sympathy<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 24.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 24;"> <td rowspan="2" style="background: #FFFFCC; border-top: none; border: inset #111111 1.0pt; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Fear</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Horror<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Alarm, shock, fear, fright, horror, terror, panic, hysteria, mortification<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 24.0pt; mso-yfti-irow: 25; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="background: #FFCCFF; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 20.0%;" width="20%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Nervousness<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; border-bottom: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: inset #111111 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 24.0pt; mso-border-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 60.0%;" width="60%"><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 3.35pt; margin-right: 3.35pt; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Anxiety, nervousness, tenseness, uneasiness, apprehension, worry, distress, dread<o:p></o:p></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-34063309005978182172010-09-21T21:31:00.003+05:302010-09-22T16:55:09.264+05:30METAPHORS II<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">. . . Cont'd</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">It’s the writer/director’s prerogative to choose the symbols and symbolic action; at the same time, one shouldn’t forget that television and advertising has inculcated the present-day audiences to refuse manipulative symbols or over-earnest metaphors for want of conviction and tangibility. Metaphoric settings, acts, and objects need to be natural and drawn from the world in which the characters live. If they are portrayed as forced they seem artificial and distant.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mostly in cinema the magic lies in the possibilities of expressing the inner experience of central characters through an array of chosen settings, objects and atmospheres. These elements function metaphorically or symbolically as channels to deeper issues. This’s the scope screenwriters have to foresee while developing metaphoric clues and settings. </span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">An amazing example of blending metaphor into cinematic conflict is in Jane Campion’s </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0107822/">The Piano</a></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (1993): Ada, a young, mute immigrant, arrives with her illicit daughter and her piano in 19</span><sup><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: medium;">th</span></span></sup><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> century New Zealand. Her intention is to marry a person she doesn’t know or probably love; and the man doesn’t much appreciate her </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">piano</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> either. As eventually, the piano is kept at another man’s house, the latter makes her life warm and instills internal promise and solace, and she submits herself to </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">that</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> man, irrespective of her husband existing. </span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">In this particular world of the story the environment is unavoidably cruel, and love strangled by respectability, expression beyond language, and the soul connected with music and censored sensuality. How otherwise can you define a better work of metaphor?</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">And when characters play metaphorical roles in an allegory, the writer has to show his craft to typify each character and allocate each character with an archetypal uniqueness. These are very efficient to explain character depths and their worlds. Developing the backdrops and the conflicts typified by metaphors will help the writer-director to explain to actors how you want each to play their role and why.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Paul Cox’s </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0090784/">Cactus</a></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (1985) portrays “the developing relationship between an angry and desperate woman losing her sight and a withdrawn young man who is already blind. The man makes refuge a cactus house, and she visits him there to see what he can tell her about her fate. The cacti are dry, hostile, and spiky, but also phallic, and the setting becomes emblematic of his predicament. In a sexually charged world, he has turned his back on intimacy and intends to survive self-punitively in a place devoid of tenderness and nourishment.”</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Coming back to the basic question—metaphoric conflict—my answer is, as long as the metaphor induces the conflict or the metaphor is more inducing than anything else to provoke the conflict better, then metaphoric conflict is the choice. As a Screenwriter, I’m of the opinion that metaphor is NOT more important than conflict, in the screenplay.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-4605460428715771582010-09-21T07:30:00.001+05:302010-09-22T16:53:28.719+05:30METAPHORS I<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Today in my Screenwriting session at <a href="http://www.prasadacademy.com/">LV Prasad Film & TV Academy</a>, one of my students, Guru, asked me an interesting question: What if there’s a ‘metaphoric conflict’ in a screenplay? Of course yes; as long as it’s a conflict, I don’t care if it’s a metaphor or not. If there’s no conflict there’s no story. </span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">But do we really know what a ‘metaphoric conflict’ is? I told Guru I’ll write this out in my blog today; though it’s a little tiring to write amid my other screenwriting commitments.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Do we really know what metaphor is? And conflict?</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The roots of <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/metaphor">metaphor</a> are in storytelling. As far back as AD 400 storytellers would explain information and philosophies to villagers by way of stories, using words to inspire the imaginations of the people who rarely saw anything beyond their village. Even Jesus spread his doctrines mainly through parables (metaphoric stories).</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Metaphors draw resemblances. Tiger: a ferocious person; Pussycat: a gentle person. Metaphors paint pictures with words and so add vigor to a screenwriter’s range to picture-making-words or picture-writing craft. </span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Metaphors state that one thing is another thing. ‘Arun leaps around playfully, a young colt in spring’ or ‘he’s is a tough old battleship, battered but still floating’ or ‘there’s mummified twinkle in the dead man’s hand’. You’re not actually saying that the woman is a horse, the man is a boat or the twinkle has gone through the ancient mummification process, but the equivalence still work.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">In talking, if a picture paints a thousand words, in screenwriting a metaphor paints a thousand pictures. It’s a word or a phrase which provokes imagery in the mind. The more you make readers ‘picture’ themselves in a situation, the easier it is to draw them into the heart of your story.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Metaphors which have become part of everyday language like “the ball rocketed into the back of the net” are known as dead-metaphors. This term may suggest lifelessness, but in practice, such metaphors, like a set of juggler’s balls, remain in the air.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">MIXED METAPHORS combine two separate metaphors into one bold (or somewhat peculiar) statement. This blend of ideas even has its own unofficial name: a </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">mixaphor</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">. If each part of the ‘mixaphor’ relates to the other and if you don’t over do it, it’s worth experimenting with the concept:</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Beauty</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">:</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">For so many years</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I was good enough to eat:</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The world looked at me</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">And its mouth watered.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">(<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/randall-jarrell/">Randall JARREL, ‘Next Day</a></span>’)</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Brunch – (</span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Breakfast + Lunch</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">)</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Brangelina – (</span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Brad Pitt + Angelina</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">)</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">EXTENDED METAPHORS: An extended metaphor occurs when writing a series of metaphors, one after the other, throughout a piece of story telling. Poets seem to like them, as do lyricists. Here’s an example from Christina Rossetti, where sleep is used as metaphor for death:</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sleeping at Last</span></b><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sleeping at last, the trouble and tumult over,</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sleeping at last, the struggle and horror past,</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cold and White, out of sight of friend and of lover,</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sleeping at last.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">No more a tired heart downcast or overcast,</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">No more pangs that wring or shifting fears that hover,</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sleeping at last in a dreamless sleep locked fast.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Fast Asleep. Singing birds in their leafy cover</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cannot wake her, nor shake her the gusty blast.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Under the purple thyme and the purple cover</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sleeping at last.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christina_Rossetti">Christina Georgina Rossetti</a></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"> (1830-1894)</span></span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">There are </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">allegories </span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">to cousin metaphors. It’s actually the ‘next step’ to an </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">extended metaphor</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">. This often gives a moral message by telling the story under the pretext of another subject. Many fairy tales and fables are examples of </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">allegory</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">.</span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The best way to use metaphor (of any kind) in screenwriting is in passing, rather than focusing too much on its explicit creativity. More often than not, the more you point the reader to an obvious metaphor, the greater the chance of it coming across as joke or even parody of itself. So, like most techniques it’s better to use metaphors wisely and sparingly. </span><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">(To be continued . . .)</span></div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-49034531729303923312010-09-20T12:14:00.004+05:302010-09-21T07:08:36.052+05:30SHORT FILMS II<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Here are some classic short films compiled with the help of <a href="http://books.google.co.in/books?id=RpmSTLb6KnwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Producing+and+Directing+the+Short+Film+and+Video&source=bl&ots=Rnj5q6CjKS&sig=cHhMeETOU1hQNw5yprBlNcyDI8U&hl=en&ei=HgGXTKLPHYSecP6W1aMF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false">Peter Rea and David K. Irving’s excellent book, Producing the Short Film and Video, Second Edition (Boston: Focal Press, 2001):</a><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Block, Mitchell: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0188948/">No Lies</a></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (USA 1972, B&W, 16 Minutes). It looks like a documentary, as the director crudely presses a raped woman for an account of her misfortune, but it’s all acted and for a purpose.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bunuel, Luis: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HUaP-IB-2Gs">Un Chien Andalou</a>/The Andalusian Dog</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (France, 1928, B&W, 20 Minutes). A surrealist experiment in shocking imagery, undertaken with Salvador Dali that avoids any linear story logic.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Davidson, Alan: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epuTZigxUY8">The Lunch Date</a></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (USA, 1990, B&W, 12 Minutes). A deceptive encounter over a salad between a woman and a homeless man at Grand Central Station.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Deren, Maya and Alexander Hammid: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.zappinternet.com/video/zajDveMkoS/Maya-Deren-Meshes-of-the-afternoon-1943">Meshes of the Afternoon</a></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (USA, 1943, B&W, 13 Minutes). Seminal work in which the mother of American experimental cinema plays a woman who dreams of being driven to suicide by loneliness and adversity.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Enrico Robert: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.viddler.com/explore/nzgmediefag/videos/12/">An occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge</a>/ La Rivière du Hibou</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (France, 1962, B&W, 27 Minutes). A soldier in the American Civil War makes a miraculous escape from hanging—or does he? A fine film and a veritable catalogue of judiciously used sound and picture techniques. From a tale by Amrose Bierce.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Godard, Jean-Luc: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_299024011">Tous les Garçons s’Apellent Patrick/All the Boys Are Called</a></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0051102/"> Patrick</a> (France, 1957, B&W, 21 Minutes). Two girls find they are dating the same man. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Lamorisse, Albert: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rYxIPhjDcf8">Le Balon Rouge</a>/The Red Baloon </span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">(France, 1956, Color, 34 Minutes) A lonely boy in Paris makes friends with a balloon, which begins to reciprocate his attentions. No words.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/goog_299024021">Marker, Chris: </a></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4536409644066983943#">La Jetée</a>/The Jetty/The Pier </span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">(France, 1962, B&W, 29 Minutes). A film almost entirely in stills about a survivor of World War III, whose childhood memories allow him to move around at will in time. One shot has motion, and Georges Sadoul rightly says “the screen disarmingly bursts into sensuous life.”<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Metzner, Ernö: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/ueberfall">Überfall</a>/Accident/Police Report/Assault</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (Germany, 1928, B&W, 21 Minutes). A man wins some cash in a beer hall, but it brings him nothing but bad luck. Almost a catalogue of camera techniques.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Polanski, Roman and Jean-Pierre Rousseau: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.ovguide.com/movies_tv/the_fat_and_the_lean.htm">The Fat and the Lean</a>/Gruby i Chudy</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (France, 1962, B&W, 15 Minutes). This allegory about a fat and thin man explores the relationship and dependency between master and servant, and what stops the servant from escaping.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Polanski, Roman: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nponsMD-Sn4">Two Men and a Wardrobe</a>/Dwaj Ludzie z Szafa</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (Poland, 1957, B&W, 15 Minutes). Another allegory in which two men appear out of the sea, struggling with a bulky wardrobe, avoiding humanity and unable to solve their problems.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Renoir, Jean: </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKHr2li4Awk">Un Partie de Campagne</a>/A Day in the Country</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> (France,1936,B&W,37 Minutes ). A Paris shopkeeper takes his family for a day in the country, and his daughter— who already has a fiancé—falls in love with another man. Sadly, the relationship has no future. From a tale by Guy de Maupassant.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-12414749996386389652010-09-19T13:05:00.004+05:302010-09-20T08:33:18.288+05:30SHORT FILMS!<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">I think short films has grabbed its due respect these days, not just as ‘calling cards’ as it used to be. Though many are produced from Film School backgrounds, the influence and popularity of YouTube has induced many aspiring film makers think prospectively about shorts; and independent low-budget or no-budget shorts are increasingly being made. Another emerging trend I find is TV channels promoting short films (approx 11 and 22 minutes). Short film festivals call for many rewards I this film making segment.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Recently when ScreenWrite.In participants attended a seminar organized by Goethe- Institut Max Muller Bhavan, on ‘Locating South India Cinema in an International Context’, 24/25 August 2010, I remember <a href="http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=screenwritetube&aq=f">Ms. Dorothy Werner</a> of the Berlin Film Festival suggesting how German film industry still see short as a director’s medium, a ‘calling card’ demonstrating their abilities to go on to make their first feature.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The whole idea of why I write about this topic comes from my recent involvement with novice writers both at <a href="http://www.prasadacademy.com/">LV Prasad Film and TV Academy</a> and my own <a href="http://www.screenwrite.in/">ScreenWrite</a>.In, who venture into writing shorts; and probably sharing my thoughts may help them with some little thing or the other in their writing endeavor.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">My strong belief from experience is writing for shorter duration movies is more difficult than for longer drama. The writer needs a new outlook to consider the shorter time at disposal (normally shorts span from 5 minutes to 30 minutes). The cleverness with picture-making is more demanding in short-film screenwriting when compared to long feature. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">For the same reason the rules and systematic approach (if I may call them so) of screenwriting are of greater significance for shorts. You have approximately five to thirty pages and needs the craft for the same intensity of story telling like any other longer forms; here the brevity and prudence in structure and expression are everything. The imperative is to place the character immediately into the thick of drama, move along a specific incident of his/her life which provokes the viewer to imagine a more elaborate world of the character. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">The ideas and its expression have to fit into space of time disposable. A longer story cannot forcibly be compressed to fit the allotted time or a sketch idea artificially stretched. Nor is it a promo for some future envisaged feature – a good tactic if can pull it off (this line perhaps is for Ekta, LVP-FTA</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">).<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Last but not the least, for a short the emotion is more precise, and therefore more intense. As a screenwriter, the emotion building is of very high importance as the duration is short. The emotion provoked with a couple of scenes in a longer drama has to meet the target with just a shot or so in the short; that’s the difference, as also the craft required. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Please find a couple of shorts to watch. Would like to get your opinion on these as to the emotion and structure:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4meeZifCVro">Love Field - Short Film</a></span><br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OjTOs1L3SBg">Inside - Short Film</a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3565590329352852516.post-41067575460196446342010-09-18T06:53:00.000+05:302010-09-18T06:53:42.414+05:30Characters (Part III)<div class="Section1"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">WHAT DOES YOUR CHARACTER LOOK LIKE?<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">One way of choosing your characters’ appearance is to recollect pictures from your memory or from catalogues, magazines and the Internet. Another way to picture characters is on casting-call for TV or film, and choose actors who could play the parts.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Be careful about taking characters direct from life; this can get you into trouble if people recognize themselves. But you can use the features of A, the hair of B, the quirks of C, and the height of D. Or you can simply see your character in your mind’s eye.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Here are some lists from which you can choose physical features such as hair and eye colour, general looks, inner feelings, where they live and their background. I have included clothes because what people choose to wear these days, says a lot about them. There is a list of hobbies; use this too because having an interest gives a character depth. There is also a list of faults and bad habits, as nobody is perfect, and a flaw makes a character more believable and interesting.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Hair colours<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section2"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumList2Accent5" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 181px;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 11.7pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: -1;"> <td style="background: white; border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 3.0pt; border: none; height: 11.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 517; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">HAIR COLOURS: <o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><u><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Auburn </span></span></u></b><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Carroty <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Conker colored <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Copper <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> Red gold <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Titian <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 11.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 11.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><u><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Blonde</span></span></u></b><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Ash blonde, <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Flaxen, <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 12;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Golden<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 13;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Honey colored<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 14;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Platinum blonde<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 15;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Wheaten gold<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 16;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 11.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 17;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 11.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><u><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Black<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 18;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Blue-black<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 19;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Colour of a raven’s wing<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 20;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Colour of night<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 11.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 21;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 11.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 22;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><u><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Brown<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 23;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 24;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mahogany<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 25;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mousy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 26;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Nut brown<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 11.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 27;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 11.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 28;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><u><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Old people’s hair<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 29;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 30;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Balding<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 31;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Grey<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 32;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Salt and pepper<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 33;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Silvery<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 34;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sparse<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 35; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">White<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section3"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section4"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumList2Accent4" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent4; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-bottom: solid #8064A2 3.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 517; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">HAIR STYLES:</span></span></b><b><span style="color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> styles<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Afro<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bob<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Braided<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Buzz cut <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Close cropped<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Corn rows<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Curly<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Dreadlocks<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Fringe<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Flat-top<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Long<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Pageboy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Plaits<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Ponytail<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Ringlets<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Short back and sides<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Skinhead<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Straight<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Topknot<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Wavy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section5"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section6"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumList2Accent2" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent2; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-bottom: solid #C0504D 3.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 517; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">PERSONALITY:<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Personality<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Alert<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Aloof<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Ambitious<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Arrogant<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Athletic<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Brash<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Busybody<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Careless<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Charming<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cheerful<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Creative<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Curious<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Demonstrative<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Dreamy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gentle<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gossipy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Greedy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gullible<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Humorous<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Humorless<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Imaginative<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Impractical<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Intelligent<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Jealous<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Lazy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Loyal<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Noisy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Polite<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Proud<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Quick-tempered<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sensitive<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Show-off<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Shy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Smug<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sneaky<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Stubborn<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Suspicious<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Whiny<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section7"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section8"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumList2Accent4" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent4; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-bottom: solid #8064A2 3.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 517; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">EMOTIONS:<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Emotions<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Anger<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Anxiety<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Apathy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Boredom<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Confusion<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Curiosity<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Despair<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Excitement<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Fear<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Fondness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Forgiveness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Friendship<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Frustration<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gratitude<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Grief<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Guilt<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Happiness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Hate<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Hope<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Hostility<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Irritation<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Jealousy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Loneliness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Longing<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Love<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Resignation <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Restlessness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sadness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Shame<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Surprise<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Suspicion<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sympathy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 130.8pt;" valign="top" width="174"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section9"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section10"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumShading1Accent5" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="background: #4BACC6; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">HOME WHERE CHARACTERS LIVE</span></span></b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Apartment<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bungalow<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cabin<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Caravan<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Castle<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cave<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chalet<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cottage<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Flat<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Hotel<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">House<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Houseboat<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Hut<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Palace<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Semi-detached house<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D2EAF1; border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent5; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Town house<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-themetint: 191; mso-border-top-alt: solid #78C0D4 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent5; mso-border-top-themetint: 191; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 132; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Tree house<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section11"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section12"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumList1Accent4" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent4; mso-border-top-alt: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent4; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">PROFESSION:<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Accountant<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Actor<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Airman/pilot<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Architect<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Artist<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Banker<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Baron/Baroness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cab driver<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Chef<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Clergyman<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Dancer<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Dressmaker <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Duke/Duchess<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Earl/Countess<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Enchanter<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Engineer<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Estate Agent<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gardener<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Grand Vizier<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Hairdresser<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Historian<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Horseman/woman<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Interior Decorator<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Journalist<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Judge<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">King/Queen<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Prince/Princess<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Lawyer<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Model<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Musician<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Nurse<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Policeman/woman<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Postman/woman<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sailor<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Salesman<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Secretary<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Shopkeeper<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Social worker<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Soldier<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sportsman/woman<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Spy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Stockbroker<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Teacher<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Undertaker<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Waiter/Waitress<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #DFD8E8; border-bottom: solid #8064A2 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent4; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent4; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Writer<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section13"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #191919; line-height: 115%;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
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</div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 49.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1568;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">HOBBIES:<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Computer Games<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Painting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Acting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Embroidery<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Reading<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Airplane watching<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Fencing<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Record Collecting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Archery<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Fishing<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Scuba-diving<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Ballet<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gameboy<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sports<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Birdwatching<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Jacks<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Stamp collecting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Boating/Sailing<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Jigsaw puzzles<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Trainsporting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Camping<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><br />
</div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Martial Arts<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">TV/DVD-watching<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 36.45pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Card collecting</span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Music</span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 36.45pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;"> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section14"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent3" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">CHARACTER FAULTS<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">AND BAD HABITS:<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Character faults and bad habits<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Arguing<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bad table manners<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Casual<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Cheating<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Clumsiness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Impatience<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Interrupting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Lying<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Nail-biting<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Noisiness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Nosiness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Quarrelling<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Quitting too soon<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Rudeness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Selfishness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Showing off<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Unpunctuality<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Untidiness<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Vulgarity <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section15"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent2" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; margin-left: 55.9pt; width: 469px;"><tbody>
<tr style="height: 38.15pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: -1;"> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; height: 38.15pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">HOW DO THEY TRAVEL?<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">How do tey travel?<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 3.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 3.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Airplane<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 3.5pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Ocean Liner<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="border: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bicycle<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Quad bike<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 11.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;"> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 11.95pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bus<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 11.95pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Rocket/Spaceship<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;"> <td style="border: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Car<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sailing Boat<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;"> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Coach and Horses<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Scooter<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 11.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;"> <td style="border: none; height: 11.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Four-wheel Drive Car<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 11.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Spots Car<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;"> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Helicopter<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Train<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;"> <td style="border: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Horseback<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; height: 12.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Van<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 11.95pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;"> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 11.95pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Lorry<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #EFD3D2; border: none; height: 11.95pt; mso-background-themecolor: accent2; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Motorbike<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr style="height: 12.7pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="border-bottom: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Magic Carpet<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border-bottom: solid #C0504D 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.7pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent2; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section16"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section17"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="LightShading-Accent11" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 142.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-alt: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: none; border-top: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.9in;" valign="top" width="278"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">EDUCATION</span></span></b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Apprentice<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">High School<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Boarding School<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Pre College<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Comprehensive<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">University<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Governess/Tutor<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Home Schooling<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #D3DFEE; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themetint: 63; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Kindergarten <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Primary School<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> <td style="background: #D3DFEE; border-bottom: solid #4F81BD 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent1; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.45in;" valign="top" width="139"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="Section18"> <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableMediumList2Accent5" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent5; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"><tbody>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-bottom: solid #4BACC6 3.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 517; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">CLOTHES:</span></span></b><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Clothes<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Bikinis<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Blouses<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Boots<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Caps<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Dresses<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Dressing gowns<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Earmuffs<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Fleeces<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gloves<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Gym shoes<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Jackets<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Jeans<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Jumpers<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Mittens<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Overcoats<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Pajamas/Nightdresses<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Raincoats<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sandals<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Scarves<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Shirts<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Shorts<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Swim suits<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">T-shirts<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Ties<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Trainers<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Vests and pants<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Waistcoats<o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Wellingtons <o:p></o:p></span></span></div></td> </tr>
<tr> <td style="background: white; border-right: solid #4BACC6 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent5; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top"> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div></td> </tr>
</tbody></table></div><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: auto;" /></span> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"> </span><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #474747;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #474747;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Generally, how do you make your readers like the hero/heroine?<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #474747;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">(I don’t really want to repeat the theory here. What’s good that we like, and bad that we dislike is judged by a moral condition we consciously accept. A discussion on this can go really elaborate. For the time being, let’s look at it this way):<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• </span></span><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">You make him do things the reader would love to do but can’t.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Show thoughts and actions with which readers will sympathize.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Make him upright, honest, dependable, brave and clever but modest about it; but not all these characteristics at once.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• You make him the kind of person the reader would like to be, someone he envies.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Don’t make him a goody-goody – a few faults make a person more human (none of us is perfect). But let the faults be endearing. For instance, if you make him unreliable, let it be about time or remembering things, not about something important like keeping promises.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Give him a sense of humor.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Once he is established, make life difficult for him: if the odds are against him, the reader will be on his side.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Focus on him: let other characters like him and say so to each other. • Let the story be told from his point of view.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><b><span style="color: #474747;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Generally, how do you make the reader dislike the villain?<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Make him do something loathsome or reprehensible. Being unkind to an animal will set most young readers against a character.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Make him unreliable or untrustworthy. Let him be caught out telling lies. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Make him speak harshly to a character you have made the reader like. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Make him humorless. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">• Make him a hypocrite. </span></span><span style="color: #191919;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><br />
</div>John Ehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06623471565765070896noreply@blogger.com0